Su Liqing, Zhang Jie, Jia Lei, Dou Wenyue, Li Mengxue, Zhang Yumeng, Chang Jian
School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Nursing, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China.
BMC Nurs. 2024 Jun 5;23(1):380. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02010-y.
Oral nutritional supplements are one of the preferred methods of nutritional support for postoperative patients. This study aims to investigate the current status of oral nutritional supplements compliance in postoperative patients with digestive tract tumors and its influencing factors.
Convenience sampling was employed to select 242 patients who underwent surgery for digestive tract tumors at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai from October 2022 to July 2023 as the study subjects. Data following a normal distribution were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, ANOVA single-factor analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis to determine the factors influencing compliance with oral nutritional supplements.
A total of 252 questionnaires were distributed, with 10 invalid questionnaires excluded, resulting in an effective questionnaire rate of 96.03%. The compliance score for oral nutritional supplements in postoperative patients with digestive tract tumors was (2.40 ± 1.45), General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES) score was (24.72 ± 4.86), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Scale (MSPSS) score was (58.67 ± 11.09), and Belief about Medicines Questionnaire Scale (BMQ) score was (0.17 ± 2.78). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age, adverse reactions, educational level, self-efficacy, medication beliefs, and social support were factors influencing compliance with oral nutritional supplements in postoperative patients with digestive tract tumors (P < 0.05).
Our study revealed that the compliance to oral nutritional supplements among postoperative patients with digestive tract tumors was at a moderate level and was closely associated with age, educational level, adverse reactions to oral nutritional supplements, medication beliefs, social support, and self-efficacy. Nursing staff should conduct nursing assessments based on the specific circumstances of patients and their families, provide personalized health education management plans based on the patients' educational level, enhance patients' nutrition knowledge, improve patient self-efficacy, and enhance social support for patients, while further improving patient nutrition management.
口服营养补充剂是术后患者营养支持的首选方法之一。本研究旨在调查消化道肿瘤术后患者口服营养补充剂的依从性现状及其影响因素。
采用便利抽样法，选取2022年10月至2023年7月在上海某三级医院接受消化道肿瘤手术的242例患者作为研究对象。对正态分布的数据进行独立样本t检验、方差分析单因素分析、Pearson相关分析和多元线性回归分析，以确定影响口服营养补充剂依从性的因素。
共发放问卷252份，排除无效问卷10份，有效问卷率为96.03%。消化道肿瘤术后患者口服营养补充剂的依从性得分为（2.40±1.45），一般自我效能感量表（GSES）得分为（24.72±4.86），领悟社会支持量表（MSPSS）得分为（58.67±11.09），药物信念问卷量表（BMQ）得分为（0.17±2.78）。多元线性回归分析显示，年龄、不良反应、文化程度、自我效能感、用药信念和社会支持是影响消化道肿瘤术后患者口服营养补充剂依从性的因素（P<0.05）。
本研究表明，消化道肿瘤术后患者口服营养补充剂的依从性处于中等水平，且与年龄、文化程度、口服营养补充剂的不良反应、用药信念、社会支持和自我效能感密切相关。护理人员应根据患者及其家属的具体情况进行护理评估，根据患者的文化程度提供个性化的健康教育管理方案，增强患者的营养知识，提高患者的自我效能感，加强对患者的社会支持，同时进一步改善患者的营养管理。
