新疆儿童和青少年的用力肺活量和体质指数：基于 1985-2014 年七次连续全国调查的分析。
Forced vital capacity and body mass index of Xinjiang children and adolescents: an analysis based on seven successive national surveys, 1985-2014.
机构信息
Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2024 Jun 7;24(1):1542. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19072-x.
BACKGROUND
Pulmonary function is very important for the healthy development of children and adolescents. However, fewer studies have been conducted on pulmonary function trends in children and adolescents in remote areas. The aim of this study was to estimate the forced vital capacity (FVC) trend and its relationship with body mass index (BMI) among young people in Xinjiang during 1985-2014 using data from seven successive national surveys.
METHODS
A total of 19,449 Xinjiang children and adolescents aged 7-18 years were extracted from the Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health. Height, weight, and FVC were measured repeatedly in each survey. FVC comparisons between adjacent surveys by age and sex were conducted by nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis after Kolmogorov-Smirnov of normality. One-way ANOVA and least significant difference(LSD) method was used to compare differences in FVC levels of Xinjiang children and adolescents with different BMI. The relationship between BMI and FVC was investigated using a nonlinear regression model.
RESULTS
The FVC levels of Xinjiang children and adolescents peaked in 2000, with overall FVC levels being 8.7% higher in 2000 than in 1985. Since then, a substantial decline occurred, contrasting to 2000, with FVC levels decreasing by 27% in 2014, which was still lower than that in 1985 by 20.73%. The proportion of overnutrition boys increased from 0.2% in 1985 to 22.1% in 2014, and girls from 0.5% in 1985 to 14.5% in 2014. An inverted U-shape association between FVC and BMI values was obtained for Xinjiang children and adolescents.
CONCLUSIONS
Targeted measures should be carried out in schools to control BMI levels to ensure good lung function in children and adolescents in Xinjiang. Future studies should pay more attention to other factors affecting FVC, such as dietary behaviour, physical activity, and racial differences among children and adolescents.
背景
肺功能对儿童和青少年的健康发育非常重要。然而，针对偏远地区儿童和青少年肺功能趋势的研究较少。本研究旨在利用中国七次连续全国学生体质与健康调研资料，评估 1985-2014 年新疆地区青年人用力肺活量（FVC）的变化趋势及其与体质指数（BMI）的关系。
方法
从中国学生体质与健康调研中提取 19449 名 7-18 岁的新疆儿童和青少年，在每次调查中均重复测量身高、体重和 FVC。采用非参数 Kruskal-Wallis 检验比较相邻两次调查时按年龄和性别分层的 FVC 变化，并用 Kolmogorov-Smirnov 正态性检验对 FVC 进行正态性检验。采用单因素方差分析和 LSD 方法比较不同 BMI 的新疆儿童和青少年的 FVC 水平差异。采用非线性回归模型分析 BMI 与 FVC 的关系。
结果
新疆儿童和青少年的 FVC 水平在 2000 年达到峰值，2000 年的总体 FVC 水平比 1985 年高 8.7%。此后，FVC 水平显著下降，与 2000 年相比，2014 年 FVC 水平下降了 27%，仍比 1985 年低 20.73%。营养过剩的男生比例从 1985 年的 0.2%增加到 2014 年的 22.1%，女生从 1985 年的 0.5%增加到 2014 年的 14.5%。新疆儿童和青少年的 FVC 与 BMI 值呈倒 U 型关系。
结论
应在学校采取有针对性的措施控制 BMI 水平，以确保新疆儿童和青少年的肺功能良好。未来的研究应更加关注影响 FVC 的其他因素，如饮食行为、体力活动和儿童青少年的种族差异。
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