Han Qi, Xiang Mai, An Nan, Tan Qiushi, Shao Jing, Wang Qirong
Sports Nutrition Center, National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing, China.
Key Lab of Sports Nutrition, State General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing, China.
Front Nutr. 2024 May 27;11:1381301. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1381301. eCollection 2024.
Coaches and athletes are increasingly interested in understanding athletes' serum vitamin D levels, their impact on strength, physical performance, and athletic outcomes. Previous meta-analyses were reported with limited sample size and no significant overall effect was found. Hence, it is crucial to conduct a thorough and up-to-date systematic examination and meta-analysis to elucidate the potential advantages of supplementing with vitamin D3 in enhancing muscle strength for athletes.
We performed a thorough investigation, spanning three databases (PubMed, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library), seeking randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in all languages. These trials delved into the influence of vitamin D3 supplementation on the changes of pre- and post-intervention muscle strength in healthy athletes. Our systematic examination and meta-analysis took into account serum 25(OH)D levels exceeding 30 ng/mL as a marker of adequacy.
Ten RCTs, comprising 354 athletes (185 in the vitamin D3 group and 169 in the placebo group), fulfilled the inclusion criteria. During the study, 36 athletes were lost to follow-up, leaving 318 athletes (166 in the vitamin D3 group and 152 in the placebo group) with documented complete results. In comparison with the placebo group, there is a significant increase between the changes of pre- and post-intervention serum 25(OH)D levels among athletes following a period of vitamin D3 supplementation (MD 14.76, 95% CI: 8.74 to 20.77, < 0.0001). Overall effect of four strength measurements including handgrip, one repetition maximum Bench Press (1-RM BP), vertical jump, and quadriceps contraction was not significantly improved (SMD 0.18, 95% CI: -0.02 to 0.37, = 0.08), but there was a significant increase in quadriceps contraction (SMD 0.57, 95% CI: 0.04 to 1.11, = 0.04).
This updated meta-analysis indicates the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation for enhancing muscle strength in athletes when analyzing its quantitatively synthesized effects. With limited available studies for the quantitative synthesis, it cannot warrant significant overall enhancements in muscle strength when athletes attain adequate serum 25(OH)D levels through supplementation.
教练和运动员越来越有兴趣了解运动员的血清维生素D水平，以及其对力量、身体表现和运动成绩的影响。以往的荟萃分析样本量有限，未发现显著的总体效应。因此，进行全面且最新的系统审查和荟萃分析，以阐明补充维生素D3对增强运动员肌肉力量的潜在益处至关重要。
我们进行了全面调查，涵盖三个数据库（PubMed、EBSCO和Cochrane图书馆），搜索所有语言的随机对照试验（RCT）。这些试验深入研究了补充维生素D3对健康运动员干预前后肌肉力量变化的影响。我们的系统审查和荟萃分析将血清25(OH)D水平超过30 ng/mL作为充足的标志物。
10项RCT符合纳入标准，共354名运动员（维生素D3组185名，安慰剂组169名）。研究期间，36名运动员失访，剩余318名运动员（维生素D3组166名，安慰剂组152名）有完整记录结果。与安慰剂组相比，补充一段时间维生素D3后，运动员干预前后血清25(OH)D水平变化有显著增加（MD 14.76，95%CI：8.74至20.77，<0.0001）。包括握力、一次重复最大卧推（1-RM BP）、垂直跳和股四头肌收缩在内的四项力量测量的总体效应未显著改善（SMD 0.18，95%CI：-0.02至0.37，=0.08），但股四头肌收缩有显著增加（SMD 0.57，95%CI：0.04至1.11，=0.04）。
这项更新的荟萃分析表明，在分析维生素D补充剂的定量合成效应时，其对增强运动员肌肉力量有潜在益处。由于定量合成的可用研究有限，当运动员通过补充达到充足的血清25(OH)D水平时，无法保证肌肉力量有显著的总体增强。
