Department of Chemical Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Nis, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia.
Department of Electricity, Solid-State Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 405 Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG-11, 077125 Magurele, Romania.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 May 27;25(11):5842. doi: 10.3390/ijms25115842.
This study provides a brief discussion of the major nanopharmaceuticals formulations as well as the impact of nanotechnology on the future of pharmaceuticals. Effective and eco-friendly strategies of biofabrication are also highlighted. Modern approaches to designing pharmaceutical nanoformulations (e.g., 3D printing, Phyto-Nanotechnology, Biomimetics/Bioinspiration, etc.) are outlined. This paper discusses the need to use natural resources for the "green" design of new nanoformulations with therapeutic efficiency. Nanopharmaceuticals research is still in its early stages, and the preparation of nanomaterials must be carefully considered. Therefore, safety and long-term effects of pharmaceutical nanoformulations must not be overlooked. The testing of nanopharmaceuticals represents an essential point in their further applications. Vegetal scaffolds obtained by decellularizing plant leaves represent a valuable, bioinspired model for nanopharmaceutical testing that avoids using animals. Nanoformulations are critical in various fields, especially in pharmacy, medicine, agriculture, and material science, due to their unique properties and advantages over conventional formulations that allows improved solubility, bioavailability, targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and reduced toxicity. Nanopharmaceuticals have transitioned from experimental stages to being a vital component of clinical practice, significantly improving outcomes in medical fields for cancer treatment, infectious diseases, neurological disorders, personalized medicine, and advanced diagnostics. Here are the key points highlighting their importance. The significant challenges, opportunities, and future directions are mentioned in the final section.
本研究简要讨论了主要的纳米药物制剂,以及纳米技术对药物未来的影响。还强调了生物制造的有效和环保策略。概述了现代设计药物纳米制剂的方法(例如,3D 打印、植物纳米技术、仿生学/生物灵感等)。本文讨论了需要利用自然资源来设计具有治疗功效的新型绿色纳米制剂的必要性。纳米药物研究仍处于早期阶段,必须仔细考虑纳米材料的制备。因此,不能忽视药物纳米制剂的安全性和长期影响。纳米药物的测试是其进一步应用的重要环节。通过脱细胞化植物叶片获得的植物支架是用于纳米药物测试的有价值的仿生模型,避免了使用动物。由于其独特的性质和相对于传统制剂的优势,纳米制剂在各个领域都非常重要,特别是在药学、医学、农业和材料科学领域,可提高溶解度、生物利用度、靶向药物输送、控制释放和降低毒性。纳米药物已经从实验阶段过渡到成为临床实践的重要组成部分,在癌症治疗、传染病、神经紊乱、个性化医疗和先进诊断等医学领域显著改善了治疗效果。以下是突出其重要性的要点。最后一节提到了重大挑战、机遇和未来方向。
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