Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman 15462, Kuwait.
Department of Translational Research, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman 15462, Kuwait.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jun 2;25(11):6141. doi: 10.3390/ijms25116141.
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a pivotal regulator, integrating diverse environmental signals to control fundamental cellular functions, such as protein synthesis, cell growth, survival, and apoptosis. Embedded in a complex network of signaling pathways, mTOR dysregulation is implicated in the onset and progression of a range of human diseases, including metabolic disorders such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, as well as various cancers. mTOR also has a notable role in aging. Given its extensive biological impact, mTOR signaling is a prime therapeutic target for addressing these complex conditions. The development of mTOR inhibitors has proven advantageous in numerous research domains. This review delves into the significance of mTOR signaling, highlighting the critical components of this intricate network that contribute to disease. Additionally, it addresses the latest findings on mTOR inhibitors and their clinical implications. The review also emphasizes the importance of developing more effective next-generation mTOR inhibitors with dual functions to efficiently target the mTOR pathways. A comprehensive understanding of mTOR signaling will enable the development of effective therapeutic strategies for managing diseases associated with mTOR dysregulation.
哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）是一个关键的调节剂，整合了多种环境信号来控制基本的细胞功能，如蛋白质合成、细胞生长、存活和凋亡。mTOR 失调嵌入在复杂的信号通路网络中，与多种人类疾病的发生和进展有关，包括代谢紊乱如糖尿病和心血管疾病以及各种癌症。mTOR 在衰老中也有显著作用。鉴于其广泛的生物学影响，mTOR 信号是解决这些复杂情况的主要治疗靶点。mTOR 抑制剂的开发已在许多研究领域证明是有利的。这篇综述深入探讨了 mTOR 信号的意义，强调了这个复杂网络中对疾病有贡献的关键组成部分。此外，它还讨论了最新的 mTOR 抑制剂发现及其临床意义。该综述还强调了开发具有双重功能的更有效的下一代 mTOR 抑制剂来有效靶向 mTOR 途径的重要性。对 mTOR 信号的全面理解将能够为管理与 mTOR 失调相关的疾病制定有效的治疗策略。
