Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jun 4;12:1404493. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1404493. eCollection 2024.
Insecticide-treated mosquito bed nets and indoor residual spraying are widely used for malaria vector control. However, their effectiveness can be affected by household members' habits, requiring alternative approaches toward malaria vector control.
To assess the effectiveness of modified houses in preventing mosquito entry; to assess the impact of house modifications on indoor air conditions and evaluate the acceptability of modified houses in the community where the study was conducted.
Five traditional and five modified houses were constructed in Nampula district, Mozambique and underwent a 90-day overnight indoor mosquito collection using Centers for Disease Control and nitride ultraviolet light traps during the rainy season. Mosquitoes were identified morphologically. Indoor temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide levels and wind speed were also collected. The Student's -test was used to compare the means of the number of mosquitos and environmental factors between both house types. A binomial form of the Generalized Linear Model identified the factors associated with the community volunteer's preference for house type.
Modified houses reduced the number of by an average of 14.97 mosquitos (95% CI, 11.38-18.56, < 0.000) and non- by 16.66 mosquitoes (95% CI, 8.23-25.09, < 0.000). Although fewer mosquitoes were trapped in modified houses compared to traditional ones, the modifications were more effective against (94% reduction) than for non- (71% reduction). The average temperature increased at 0.25°C in modified houses but was not statistically significant (95% CI, -0.62 to 0.12, = 0.181). Community volunteers preferred modified houses due to reduced mosquito buzzing. The efficacy of modified houses including its acceptability by community, highlight its potential to lower malaria risk. Effective integration of modified houses into the vector control strategy will require raising awareness among communities about malaria risks associated with house structure and training them to modify their houses.
经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐和室内滞留喷洒被广泛用于疟疾媒介控制。然而，其有效性可能会受到家庭成员习惯的影响，因此需要寻找替代方法来控制疟疾媒介。
评估改良房屋防止蚊子进入的效果；评估房屋改造对室内空气状况的影响，并评估改良房屋在研究所在社区的可接受性。
在莫桑比克楠普拉区建造了五座传统房屋和五座改良房屋，并在雨季使用疾病控制中心和氮化物紫外线诱蚊灯进行了为期 90 天的夜间室内蚊虫采集。通过形态学鉴定蚊子。还收集了室内温度、相对湿度、二氧化碳水平和风速。使用 Student's -test 比较两种类型房屋的蚊子数量和环境因素的平均值。广义线性模型的二项式形式确定了与社区志愿者对房屋类型偏好相关的因素。
改良房屋使平均蚊子数量减少了 14.97 只（95%置信区间，11.38-18.56， < 0.000），非疟蚊数量减少了 16.66 只（95%置信区间，8.23-25.09， < 0.000）。与传统房屋相比，改良房屋捕获的蚊子数量较少，但改良房屋对疟蚊的效果更明显（减少 94%），而非疟蚊的效果则略低（减少 71%）。改良房屋的平均温度升高了 0.25°C，但无统计学意义（95%置信区间，-0.62 至 0.12， = 0.181）。社区志愿者更喜欢改良房屋，因为蚊子嗡嗡声减少了。改良房屋的效果包括其在社区中的可接受性，突显了其降低疟疾风险的潜力。要将改良房屋有效纳入控制策略，需要提高社区对与房屋结构相关的疟疾风险的认识，并培训他们对房屋进行改造。
