Okeke Monique, Eze Peter M, Chukwudebelu Adaeze E, Nwankwo Chidiebere J, Eze Nchekwube K, Okafor Uchenna U, Abonyi Isaiah C, Okereke Eric E, Obasi Kalu O, Ede Okorie A, Ejikeugwu Chika P, Ilo Cajetan I, Okafor Jerome O
Department of Environmental Health Science Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Anambra Nigeria.
School of Biological Science Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Jun 17;7(6):e2201. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.2201. eCollection 2024 Jun.
This study retrospectively assessed the prevalence of TB and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS coinfection among patients that attended the Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) centers in Anambra State, Southeast, Nigeria, between 2013 and 2017.
The study adopted a descriptive and retrospective epidemiological survey design. A total of 1443 case files of patients aged 15-60 who were treated in DOTS centers selected from Anambra State's 21 Local Government Areas between 2013 and 2017 were investigated. The uniform data form, a standardized instrument used in Anambra State's health facilities for data collection, was used to collect data from case files of all those identified as coinfected with TB and HIV/AIDS.
The mean prevalence rate of TB and HIV/AIDS coinfection in the state during the 5-year period (2013-2017) was 20.00%. The highest annual prevalence of TB and HIV/AIDS coinfection was recorded in 2014 (23.84%). The state's prevalence of TB and HIV/AIDS coinfection increased dramatically from 13.17% in 2013 to 23.84% in 2014, followed by a slight downward trend to 22.80% in 2015, 20.17% in 2016, and 20.03% in 2017. In terms of gender, age, marital status, and occupation, females (59.5%), those aged 15 to 25 years (30.7%), married people (43.90%), and traders/business owners (50.7%), respectively, had the highest rates of tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS coinfection during the study period.
The findings of this study show that young people, females, married people, and traders/business owners appear to be the most vulnerable groups affected by TB and HIV/AIDS coinfection, accounting for the majority of the disease burden in the state. To address the high prevalence of TB and HIV/AIDS coinfection in the Anambra State, novel intervention and control programs should be developed and implemented, and existing intervention frameworks should be strengthened.
本研究回顾性评估了2013年至2017年间在尼日利亚东南部阿南布拉州直接观察治疗短程（DOTS）中心就诊的患者中结核病与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/艾滋病合并感染的患病率。
本研究采用描述性回顾性流行病学调查设计。对2013年至2017年间从阿南布拉州21个地方政府辖区选取的DOTS中心接受治疗的1443份15至60岁患者的病例档案进行了调查。使用统一数据表格（阿南布拉州卫生机构用于数据收集的标准化工具）从所有被确定为结核病与HIV/艾滋病合并感染患者的病例档案中收集数据。
该州在5年期间（2013 - 2017年）结核病与HIV/艾滋病合并感染的平均患病率为20.00%。结核病与HIV/艾滋病合并感染的年度患病率最高记录于2014年（23.84%）。该州结核病与HIV/艾滋病合并感染的患病率从2013年的13.17%急剧上升至2014年的23.84%，随后略有下降趋势，2015年为22.80%，2016年为20.17%，2017年为20.03%。在性别、年龄、婚姻状况和职业方面，女性（59.5%）、15至25岁年龄组（30.7%）、已婚者（43.90%）以及贸易商/企业主（50.7%）在研究期间分别具有最高的结核病与HIV/艾滋病合并感染率。
本研究结果表明，年轻人、女性、已婚者以及贸易商/企业主似乎是受结核病与HIV/艾滋病合并感染影响最脆弱的群体，占该州疾病负担的大部分。为应对阿南布拉州结核病与HIV/艾滋病合并感染的高患病率，应制定并实施新的干预和控制项目，并加强现有的干预框架。
