Determination of vancomycin in human serum by high-pressure liquid chromatography.

A rapid, accurate, reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatographic procedure for vancomycin quantitation in human serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and peritoneal fluid was developed. This procedure involves a simple chemical extraction of the antibiotic and is suitable for each of these body fluids. The column and mobile phase used provided a good resolution of the vancomycin peak with a retention time of 6.1 min. The precision of the assay was within the requirement for a daily routine clinical application. Coefficients of variation for within-day reproducibility were 5.80 and 6.28%, respectively, for samples at 50 and 25 micrograms/ml, and for between-day reproducibility they were 11.4 and 11.1%, respectively. No interference was found with respect to beta-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics and many other currently used drugs, indicating a good specificity for the procedure. The detection limit of 100 ng/ml has proven to be sufficient for monitoring drug levels in serum obtained after usual dosages. Drug levels in 112 clinical serum specimens assayed by high-pressure liquid chromatography were regressed against the levels obtained for the same samples by radioimmunoassay and fluorescent polarization immunoassay. Correlation coefficients were 0.945 and 0.967, respectively, and were highly significant (alpha less than 0.001).