de Oliveira Karoliny, Novaes Roberto Leonan M, Weber Marcelo M, Moratelli Ricardo
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Fiocruz Mata Atlântica Rio de Janeiro Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil.
Ecol Evol. 2024 Jun 25;14(6):e11419. doi: 10.1002/ece3.11419. eCollection 2024 Jun.
originated during the Oligocene in Eurasia and has become one of the most diverse bat genera, with over 140 species. In the case of neotropical , there is a high degree of phenotypic conservatism. This means that the taxonomic and geographic limits of several species are not well understood, which constrains detailed studies on their ecology and evolution and how to effectively protect these species. Similar to other organisms, bats may respond to climate change by moving to different areas, adapting to new conditions, or going extinct. Ecological niche models have become established as an efficient and widely used method for interpolating (and sometimes extrapolating) species' distributions and offer an effective tool for identifying species conservation requirements and forecasting how global environmental changes may affect species distribution. How species respond to climate change is a key point for understanding their vulnerability and designing effective conservation strategies in the future. Thus, here, we assessed the impacts of climate change on the past and future distributions of two phylogenetically related species, and . The results showed that the species are influenced by changes in temperature, and for , precipitation also becomes important. Furthermore, appears to have been more flexible to decreases in temperature that occurred in the past, which allowed it to expand its areas of environmental suitability, unlike , which decreased and concentrated these areas. However, despite a drastic decrease in the spatial area of environmental suitability of these species in the future, there are areas of potential climate stability that have been maintained since the Pleistocene, indicating where conservation efforts need to be concentrated in the future.
起源于渐新世的欧亚大陆，已成为最多样化的蝙蝠属之一，有超过140个物种。在新热带地区的情况下，存在高度的表型保守性。这意味着几个物种的分类学和地理界限尚未得到很好的理解，这限制了对它们的生态和进化以及如何有效保护这些物种的详细研究。与其他生物类似，蝙蝠可能通过迁移到不同地区、适应新环境或灭绝来应对气候变化。生态位模型已成为一种有效且广泛使用的方法，用于内插（有时外推）物种分布，并为确定物种保护需求和预测全球环境变化如何影响物种分布提供了一个有效工具。物种如何应对气候变化是理解它们的脆弱性以及设计未来有效保护策略的关键。因此，在这里，我们评估了气候变化对两种系统发育相关物种过去和未来分布的影响。结果表明，这些物种受温度变化的影响，对于[物种名称未给出]来说，降水也变得很重要。此外，[物种名称未给出]似乎对过去发生的温度下降更具适应性，这使其能够扩大其环境适宜区域，而[另一物种名称未给出]则减少并集中了这些区域。然而，尽管这些物种未来环境适宜空间面积大幅减少，但自更新世以来仍有一些潜在气候稳定区域得以保留，这表明了未来保护工作需要集中的地方。
