Laboratory Metabolomics, Department of Biotechnology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Department Plant Cell Biotechnology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Methods Mol Biol. 2024;2827:303-322. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3954-2_21.
For centuries plants have been intensively utilized as reliable sources of food, flavoring, and pharmaceutical ingredients. However, plant natural habitats are being rapidly lost due to the climate change and agriculture. Plant biotechnology offers a sustainable approach for the bioproduction of specialized plant metabolites. The unique structural features of plant-derived specialized metabolites, such as their safety profile and multi-target spectrum, have led to the establishment of many plant-derived drugs. However, there are still many challenges to overcome regarding the production of these metabolites from plant in vitro systems and establish a sustainable large-scale biotechnological process. These challenges are due to the peculiarities of plant cell metabolism, the complexity of plant specialized metabolite pathways, and the correct selection of bioreactor systems and bioprocess optimization. In this book chapter, we attempted to focus on the advantages of plant in vitro systems and in particular plant cell suspensions for their cultivation as a source of plant-derived specialized metabolites. A state-of-the-art technological platform for plant cell suspension cultivation from callus induction to lab-scale cultivation, extraction, and purification is presented. Possibilities for bioreactor cultivation of plant cell suspensions in benchtop and large-scale volumes are highlighted, including several examples and patents for industrial production of specialized metabolites.
几个世纪以来，植物一直被广泛用作可靠的食物、调味料和药物成分来源。然而，由于气候变化和农业的原因，植物的自然栖息地正在迅速消失。植物生物技术为植物次生代谢产物的生物生产提供了一种可持续的方法。植物来源的次生代谢产物具有独特的结构特征，如安全性和多靶点谱，这导致了许多植物来源药物的建立。然而，从植物体外系统生产这些代谢产物并建立可持续的大规模生物技术工艺仍然存在许多挑战。这些挑战源于植物细胞代谢的特殊性、植物次生代谢途径的复杂性以及生物反应器系统的正确选择和生物工艺优化。在这一章中，我们试图专注于植物体外系统，特别是植物细胞悬浮液的优势，将其作为植物来源的次生代谢产物的来源。介绍了从愈伤组织诱导到实验室规模培养、提取和纯化的植物细胞悬浮液培养的最新技术平台。突出了植物细胞悬浮液在台式和大规模体积中的生物反应器培养的可能性，包括工业生产次生代谢产物的几个实例和专利。
