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商业猫粮和狗粮中常见霉菌毒素的单独和共同发生情况。

Individual and combined occurrences of the prevalent mycotoxins in commercial feline and canine food.

机构信息

Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.

Institute of Veterinary Drug of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.

出版信息

Mycotoxin Res. 2024 Nov;40(4):547-558. doi: 10.1007/s12550-024-00545-2. Epub 2024 Jul 11.


DOI:10.1007/s12550-024-00545-2
PMID:38990416
Abstract

Mycotoxins, such as aflatoxin B (AFB), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FBs), ochratoxin A (OTA), T-2 toxin (T-2), and zearalenone (ZEN), can contaminate animal feeds and pose risks to animal health and production performance. These mycotoxins are commonly found in cereals and grains, with the increased use of cereals in pet food, there is a rising concern about mycotoxin contamination among pet owners. To address this, we analyzed imported brands of feline and canine food from the Chinese market produced in 2021-2022. Ninety-three samples were analyzed, comprising 45 feline food and 48 canine food samples. Among them, 14 were canned food and 79 were dry food. The results indicate that AFB, DON, FBs, OTA, T-2, and ZEN occurred in 32.26%, 98.92%, 22.58%, 73.12%, 55.91%, and 7.53% of the samples, respectively. The most prevalent mycotoxin was DON, followed by OTA, T-2, AFB and FBs, whereas ZEN was less frequently detected. The mean concentrations of the six mycotoxins in pet feed samples were 3.17 μg/kg for AFB, 0.65 mg/kg for DON, 2.15 mg/kg for FBs, 6.27 μg/kg for OTA, 20.00 μg/kg for T-2, and 30.00 μg/kg for ZEN. The levels of mycotoxins were generally below the limits of the Pet Feed Hygiene Regulations of China and the EU. Notably, a substantial majority of the pet food samples (88 out of 93) were contaminated by two or more mycotoxins. AFB, FBs, OTA, and ZEN occurred slightly more often in feline food than in canine food. Except for OTA, the contamination rates for the other five mycotoxins in canned food were lower than those in dry food. Moreover, except for AFB, the levels of the other five mycotoxins in canned foods were lower than those in dry foods. This study highlights the widespread contamination of pet foods with mycotoxins, which poses a significant risk to pets from continuous exposure to multiple mycotoxins.

摘要

真菌毒素,如黄曲霉毒素 B(AFB)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)、伏马菌素(FBs)、赭曲霉毒素 A(OTA)、T-2 毒素(T-2)和玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN),可能会污染动物饲料,并对动物健康和生产性能造成风险。这些真菌毒素通常存在于谷物和粮食中,由于宠物食品中谷物的使用增加,宠物主人越来越关注真菌毒素污染问题。为了解决这个问题,我们分析了 2021-2022 年中国市场进口的猫和狗品牌宠物食品。分析了 93 个样本,包括 45 个猫粮和 48 个狗粮样本。其中,14 个是罐头食品,79 个是干粮。结果表明,在 32.26%、98.92%、22.58%、73.12%、55.91%和 7.53%的样本中分别出现了 AFB、DON、FBs、OTA、T-2 和 ZEN。最常见的真菌毒素是 DON,其次是 OTA、T-2、AFB 和 FBs,而 ZEN 的检出率较低。宠物饲料样本中六种真菌毒素的平均浓度分别为 AFB 3.17μg/kg、DON 0.65mg/kg、FBs 2.15mg/kg、OTA 6.27μg/kg、T-2 20.00μg/kg和 ZEN 30.00μg/kg。真菌毒素的水平一般低于中国和欧盟的《宠物饲料卫生规定》的限量。值得注意的是,93 个宠物食品样本中有 88 个样本受到两种或两种以上真菌毒素的污染。AFB、FBs、OTA 和 ZEN 在猫粮中的检出率略高于狗粮。除了 OTA,其他五种真菌毒素在猫饲料中的检出率均高于狗饲料。除了 OTA,其他五种真菌毒素在罐头食品中的污染率均低于干粮。此外,除了 AFB,其他五种真菌毒素在罐头食品中的含量均低于干粮。本研究强调了宠物食品中真菌毒素的广泛污染,这对宠物持续接触多种真菌毒素构成了重大风险。

相似文献

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Toxicokinetics and metabolism of deoxynivalenol in animals and humans.

Arch Toxicol. 2022-10

[2]
Regulated Mycotoxin Occurrence and Co-Occurrence in Croatian Cereals.

Toxins (Basel). 2022-2-2

[3]
Exposure to multiple mycotoxins, environmental enteric dysfunction and child growth: Results from the AflaCohort Study in Banke, Nepal.

Matern Child Nutr. 2022-4

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Molecules. 2021-11-14

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Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023

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Toxins (Basel). 2021-8-16

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Toxicon. 2021-5

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Food Chem Toxicol. 2021-3

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Exposure assessment to ochratoxin A through the intake of three cereal derivatives from the Moroccan market.

Food Res Int. 2020-11

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Mycotoxins, invisible danger of feedstuff with toxic effect on animals.

Toxicon. 2020-5-11

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