Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Internal Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
PLoS One. 2024 Jul 11;19(7):e0306223. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306223. eCollection 2024.
This study assessed the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in a general adult population in Iran. The association between GERD and various factors was also evaluated.
We performed a cross-sectional study on 163,018 individuals aged over 35 who were enrolled in the PERSIAN cohort. GERD was defined as the occurrence of heartburn and/or regurgitation symptoms at least several days a month. Survey design analysis for pooled data was performed and multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent risk factors for GERD.
The prevalence of GERD in our study was estimated at 21.86% (95% confidence interval:17.4%-36.4%). The mean age of the participants was 49.84 years±9.25 (35-70) and 44.75% of the participants were male. Symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation were reported in 18.65% (n: 29,170) and 6.06% (n: 9,717) of participants, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, several factors were found to be associated with a higher prevalence of GERD: female sex, age >50, current smoking, opium use, weekly consumption of fried foods, frequent consumption of hot tea, less than 6 hours of sleep per night, psychiatric disorders, usage of NSAIDs, and poor oral hygiene, were associated with a higher prevalence of GERD. Conversely, higher education levels and average physical activity were found to be less commonly associated with GERD.
We found a relatively high prevalence of GERD (21.86%) in this population-based study in Iran. By identifying modifiable risk factors, this research offers opportunities for targeted interventions and lifestyle modifications to reduce the burden of GERD.
本研究评估了伊朗一般成年人群中胃食管反流病（GERD）的患病率。还评估了 GERD 与各种因素的关联。
我们对年龄在 35 岁以上的 163018 名参与者进行了横断面研究，这些参与者都属于 PERSIAN 队列。GERD 的定义为每月至少几天出现烧心和/或反流症状。对汇总数据进行了调查设计分析，并进行了多变量回归分析，以确定 GERD 的独立危险因素。
在我们的研究中，GERD 的患病率估计为 21.86%（95%置信区间：17.4%-36.4%）。参与者的平均年龄为 49.84 岁±9.25（35-70），其中 44.75%为男性。18.65%（n：29170）和 6.06%（n：9717）的参与者分别报告有烧心和反流症状。在多变量分析中，发现一些因素与 GERD 的高患病率相关：女性、年龄>50 岁、当前吸烟、使用鸦片、每周食用油炸食品、经常饮用热茶、每晚睡眠不足 6 小时、精神障碍、使用非甾体抗炎药和口腔卫生差与 GERD 的高患病率相关。相反，较高的教育水平和平均体力活动与 GERD 的相关性较低。
我们在伊朗的这项基于人群的研究中发现 GERD 的患病率相对较高（21.86%）。通过确定可改变的危险因素，这项研究为有针对性的干预和生活方式改变提供了机会，以减轻 GERD 的负担。
