Li Lingxiao, Wang Shuotong, Peng Jinyang, Lai Junliang, Zhang Heng, Yang Jun
School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
Molecules. 2024 Jun 28;29(13):3083. doi: 10.3390/molecules29133083.
In recent years, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have gained a foothold in specific applications related to lithium-ion batteries, thanks to continuous breakthroughs and innovations in materials by researchers. Commercial graphite anodes suffer from small interlayer spacing (0.334 nm), limited specific capacity (200 mAh g), and low discharge voltage (<0.1 V), making them inefficient for high-performance operation in SIBs. Hence, the current research focus is on seeking negative electrode materials that are compatible with the operation of SIBs. Many studies have been reported on the modification of transition metal selenides as anodes in SIBs, mainly targeting the issue of poor cycling life attributed to the volume expansion of the material during sodium-ion extraction and insertion processes. However, the intrinsic electronic structure of transition metal selenides also influences electron transport and sodium-ion diffusion. Therefore, modulating their electronic structure can fundamentally improve the electron affinity of transition metal selenides, thereby enhancing their rate performance in SIBs. This work provides a comprehensive review of recent strategies focusing on the modulation of electronic structures and the construction of heterogeneous structures for transition metal selenides. These strategies effectively enhance their performance metrics as electrodes in SIBs, including fast charging, stability, and first-cycle coulombic efficiency, thereby facilitating the development of high-performance SIBs.
近年来，由于研究人员在材料方面的不断突破和创新，钠离子电池（SIBs）在与锂离子电池相关的特定应用中已站稳脚跟。商用石墨阳极存在层间距小（0.334纳米）、比容量有限（200毫安克）和放电电压低（<0.1伏）的问题，这使得它们在钠离子电池中进行高性能运行时效率低下。因此，当前的研究重点是寻找与钠离子电池运行兼容的负极材料。关于过渡金属硒化物作为钠离子电池阳极的改性已有许多研究报道，主要针对材料在钠离子脱嵌过程中因体积膨胀导致循环寿命差的问题。然而，过渡金属硒化物的固有电子结构也会影响电子传输和钠离子扩散。因此，调节其电子结构可以从根本上提高过渡金属硒化物的电子亲和力，从而提高它们在钠离子电池中的倍率性能。这项工作全面综述了近期针对过渡金属硒化物电子结构调制和异质结构构建的策略。这些策略有效地提高了它们作为钠离子电池电极的性能指标，包括快速充电、稳定性和首次循环库仑效率，从而推动了高性能钠离子电池的发展。
