Zhu Mengyao, Tang Yunxia, Xie Yiqing, He BingBing, Ding Guochang, Zhou Xingwen
College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
Institute of Economic Forestry, Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou, 350012, China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Jul 13;51(1):810. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09753-6.
Carotenoids, natural tetraterpenoids found abundantly in plants, contribute to the diverse colors of plant non-photosynthetic tissues and provide fragrance through their cleavage products, which also play crucial roles in plant growth and development. Understanding the synthesis, degradation, and storage pathways of carotenoids and identifying regulatory factors represents a significant strategy for enhancing plant quality. Chromoplasts serve as the primary plastids responsible for carotenoid accumulation, and their differentiation is linked to the levels of carotenoids, rendering them a subject of substantial research interest. The differentiation of chromoplasts involves alterations in plastid structure and protein import machinery. Additionally, this process is influenced by factors such as the ORANGE (OR) gene, Clp proteases, xanthophyll esterification, and environmental factors. This review shows the relationship between chromoplast and carotenoid accumulation by presenting recent advances in chromoplast structure, the differentiation process, and key regulatory factors, which can also provide a reference for rational exploitation of chromoplasts to enhance plant quality.
类胡萝卜素是在植物中大量发现的天然四萜类化合物，它赋予植物非光合组织多样的颜色，并通过其裂解产物产生香味，这些裂解产物在植物生长发育中也起着关键作用。了解类胡萝卜素的合成、降解和储存途径并鉴定调控因子是提高植物品质的重要策略。有色体是负责类胡萝卜素积累的主要质体，其分化与类胡萝卜素水平相关，这使其成为大量研究的热点。有色体的分化涉及质体结构和蛋白质导入机制的改变。此外，这一过程还受橙色（OR）基因、Clp蛋白酶、叶黄素酯化和环境因素等的影响。本文综述通过介绍有色体结构、分化过程和关键调控因子的最新进展，展示了有色体与类胡萝卜素积累之间的关系，这也可为合理利用有色体提高植物品质提供参考。
