Krembil Centre for Health Management and Leadership, Schulich School of Business, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
J Med Internet Res. 2024 Aug 14;26:e54556. doi: 10.2196/54556.
The leaders of health care organizations are grappling with rising expenses and surging demands for health services. In response, they are increasingly embracing artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to improve patient care delivery, alleviate operational burdens, and efficiently improve health care safety and quality.
In this paper, we map the current literature and synthesize insights on the role of leadership in driving AI transformation within health care organizations.
We conducted a comprehensive search across several databases, including MEDLINE (via Ovid), PsycINFO (via Ovid), CINAHL (via EBSCO), Business Source Premier (via EBSCO), and Canadian Business & Current Affairs (via ProQuest), spanning articles published from 2015 to June 2023 discussing AI transformation within the health care sector. Specifically, we focused on empirical studies with a particular emphasis on leadership. We used an inductive, thematic analysis approach to qualitatively map the evidence. The findings were reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines.
A comprehensive review of 2813 unique abstracts led to the retrieval of 97 full-text articles, with 22 included for detailed assessment. Our literature mapping reveals that successful AI integration within healthcare organizations requires leadership engagement across technological, strategic, operational, and organizational domains. Leaders must demonstrate a blend of technical expertise, adaptive strategies, and strong interpersonal skills to navigate the dynamic healthcare landscape shaped by complex regulatory, technological, and organizational factors.
In conclusion, leading AI transformation in healthcare requires a multidimensional approach, with leadership across technological, strategic, operational, and organizational domains. Organizations should implement a comprehensive leadership development strategy, including targeted training and cross-functional collaboration, to equip leaders with the skills needed for AI integration. Additionally, when upskilling or recruiting AI talent, priority should be given to individuals with a strong mix of technical expertise, adaptive capacity, and interpersonal acumen, enabling them to navigate the unique complexities of the healthcare environment.
医疗保健组织的领导者正在努力应对不断上涨的费用和对医疗服务的需求增长。为应对这一挑战，他们越来越多地采用人工智能 (AI) 技术来改善患者护理服务的交付，减轻运营负担，并有效地提高医疗保健的安全性和质量。
本文旨在绘制当前文献图谱，综合分析领导力在推动医疗保健组织内 AI 转型中的作用。
我们在多个数据库中进行了全面检索，包括 MEDLINE（通过 Ovid）、PsycINFO（通过 Ovid）、CINAHL（通过 EBSCO）、Business Source Premier（通过 EBSCO）和 Canadian Business & Current Affairs（通过 ProQuest），涵盖了 2015 年至 2023 年 6 月期间讨论医疗保健领域 AI 转型的文章。具体来说，我们专注于具有领导力特定重点的实证研究。我们采用归纳、主题分析方法对证据进行定性分析。研究结果按照 PRISMA-ScR（系统评价和荟萃分析扩展的首选报告项目）指南进行报告。
对 2813 篇独特摘要的全面审查导致检索到 97 篇全文文章，并对其中 22 篇进行了详细评估。我们的文献图谱显示，成功将 AI 整合到医疗保健组织中需要在技术、战略、运营和组织领域开展领导力工作。领导者必须展现出技术专长、适应性策略和强大的人际交往能力的结合，以应对由复杂的监管、技术和组织因素塑造的动态医疗保健格局。
总之，在医疗保健领域引领 AI 转型需要采取多维度的方法，在技术、战略、运营和组织领域开展领导力工作。组织应实施全面的领导力发展战略，包括有针对性的培训和跨职能合作，为领导者提供 AI 整合所需的技能。此外，在提升或招聘 AI 人才时，应优先考虑具有技术专长、适应能力和人际交往能力强的个人，使他们能够应对医疗保健环境的独特复杂性。
