Amini Zahra, Hoseinpour Fatemeh, Ghashghaii Ali, Cheraghi Hadi
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Vet Res Forum. 2024;15(5):237-242. doi: 10.30466/vrf.2023.1999287.3836. Epub 2024 May 15.
Various companion birds, including budgerigars, are anesthetized with injectable anesthesia. The current study aimed to evaluate oxidative stress indices including malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) along with clinical parameters such as the time required to induce, maintain and recover from medetomidine-ketamine anesthesia and midazolam-ketamine anesthesia in budgerigars. Among 20 mature and healthy budgerigars, three groups were assigned as follows: Control (n = 4) to determine baseline oxidative stress indices medetomidine + ketamine (n = 8) anesthetized by intramuscular injections of medetomidine (0.04 mg kg) and ketamine (30.00 mg kg) in the pectoral muscles, midazolam + ketamine (n = 8) anesthetized by intramuscular injections of midazolam (1.00 mg kg) and ketamine (50.00 mg kg). Half of birds (n = 4) in the second and third groups were euthanized by cervical dislocation 1 hr after anesthesia induction, blood samples were collected directly from the heart, and sera were extracted. Additionally, the remaining birds were euthanized 24 hr later, and their serum was analyzed for oxidative stress indices. Clinical parameters were recorded during the study. Compared to the medetomidine + ketamine group, the midazolam + ketamine group experienced shorter induction, anesthetic, and recovery times. Administering medetomidine and ketamine elevated TOS levels compared with midazolam + ketamine. No significant difference was found between the test groups for TAC, MDA, or OSI. Therefore, the midazolam + ketamine regimen appears superior to medetomidine + ketamine when performing minor surgeries on budgerigars.
包括虎皮鹦鹉在内的各种伴侣鸟，都通过注射麻醉剂进行麻醉。本研究旨在评估氧化应激指标，包括丙二醛（MDA）、总抗氧化能力（TAC）、总氧化状态（TOS）和氧化应激指数（OSI），以及临床参数，如虎皮鹦鹉在美托咪定 - 氯胺酮麻醉和咪达唑仑 - 氯胺酮麻醉诱导、维持和恢复所需的时间。在20只成熟健康的虎皮鹦鹉中，分为以下三组：对照组（n = 4）以确定基线氧化应激指标；美托咪定 + 氯胺酮组（n = 8），通过在胸肌中肌肉注射美托咪定（0.04 mg/kg）和氯胺酮（30.00 mg/kg）进行麻醉；咪达唑仑 + 氯胺酮组（n = 8），通过肌肉注射咪达唑仑（1.00 mg/kg）和氯胺酮（50.00 mg/kg）进行麻醉。第二组和第三组中的一半鸟（n = 4）在麻醉诱导1小时后通过颈椎脱臼实施安乐死，直接从心脏采集血样并提取血清。此外，其余的鸟在24小时后实施安乐死，并对其血清进行氧化应激指标分析。在研究过程中记录临床参数。与美托咪定 + 氯胺酮组相比，咪达唑仑 + 氯胺酮组的诱导、麻醉和恢复时间更短。与咪达唑仑 + 氯胺酮相比，给予美托咪定和氯胺酮会提高TOS水平。在TAC、MDA或OSI方面，测试组之间未发现显著差异。因此，在对虎皮鹦鹉进行小手术时，咪达唑仑 + 氯胺酮方案似乎优于美托咪定 + 氯胺酮。
