Lee Vanessa K, Flynt Kendall S, Haag Lauren M, Taylor Douglas K
Division of Animal Resources, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2010 Jan;49(1):57-63.
This study compared the cardiovascular, respiratory, anesthetic, and glucocorticoid effects of ketamine alone with ketamine-medetomidine and ketamine-midazolam in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. Macaques were given either intramuscular ketamine (10 mg/kg), intramuscular ketamine-medetomidine (3 mg/kg; 0.15 mg/kg), or oral midazolam (1 mg/kg) followed by intramuscular ketamine (8 mg/kg). The addition of medetomidine, but not midazolam, provided muscle relaxation and abolishment of reflexes that was superior to ketamine alone. In addition, medetomidine did not cause clinically relevant effects on cardiovascular and respiratory parameters when compared with ketamine. These 3 protocols did not have significantly different effects on fecal glucocorticoid metabolites. These results suggest that medetomidine can be a valuable addition to ketamine for healthy patients, whereas oral midazolam at the tested dose does not provide additional benefits.
本研究比较了单独使用氯胺酮与氯胺酮-美托咪定以及氯胺酮-咪达唑仑对恒河猴和食蟹猴心血管、呼吸、麻醉及糖皮质激素方面的影响。给猕猴分别肌内注射氯胺酮（10毫克/千克）、肌内注射氯胺酮-美托咪定（3毫克/千克；0.15毫克/千克）或口服咪达唑仑（1毫克/千克），随后肌内注射氯胺酮（8毫克/千克）。添加美托咪定而非咪达唑仑能提供比单独使用氯胺酮更好的肌肉松弛效果并消除反射。此外，与氯胺酮相比，美托咪定对心血管和呼吸参数未产生临床相关影响。这三种方案对粪便糖皮质激素代谢物的影响无显著差异。这些结果表明，对于健康患者，美托咪定可作为氯胺酮的有益补充，而测试剂量的口服咪达唑仑未带来额外益处。
