Biosocial Science Information, Biedermannsdorf, Austria.
Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Int J Cosmet Sci. 2024 Dec;46(6):1017-1034. doi: 10.1111/ics.13003. Epub 2024 Jul 25.
Research documents effects of skin features on assessments of age, health and attractiveness of female faces. Ethnic variation also has been reported for the impact of age-related changes in skin features on face assessments. Here, we investigate women's self-ratings across age cohorts and ethnic groups and discrepancies with (non-expert) assessor ratings of facial appearance together with age-dependent changes in skin features.
Faces of women 20-65 years from five ethnic groups (each n = 36) were imaged. Participants provided self-ratings of age, health and attractiveness, and were judged on these attributes by members of the same ethnic group (each n = 120). Digital image analysis was used to quantify skin gloss, tone evenness, wrinkling and sagging. Age-dependent changes in ratings and skin features within and between ethnic groups were assessed by comparing information from 10-year cohorts. We also tested whether menopausal status could be predicted by self-ratings, assessor ratings and image-based skin features.
Women of all ethnic groups judged themselves younger and higher in attractiveness and health compared to third-party assessors, with the largest discrepancies for age in French women and for attractiveness and health in South African women. In Indian and South African women, specular gloss and skin tone evenness were lower compared to other participants, and sagging was higher in Indian, Japanese and South African women compared to Chinese and French women. Women's menopausal status could be predicted from assessor ratings and image-based skin features but not from self-ratings.
There are differences between women's self-ratings and assessor ratings of facial appearance. These discrepancies vary with female age and ethnicity. Age and ethnicity effects also are evident in age-dependent changes in skin features within and across ethnic groups, which together with assessor (but not self-) ratings of facial appearance predict menopausal status.
研究皮肤特征对面部年龄、健康和吸引力评估的影响。也有研究报道称，年龄相关的皮肤特征变化对面部评估的影响存在种族差异。在这里，我们调查了女性在不同年龄组和种族群体中的自我评估以及与（非专业）评估者对面部外观的评估之间的差异，同时还调查了皮肤特征随年龄的变化。
对来自五个种族群体（每个 n=36）的 20-65 岁女性的面部进行成像。参与者对年龄、健康和吸引力进行自我评估，并由同一种族群体的成员（每个 n=120）对这些属性进行评估。使用数字图像分析来量化皮肤光泽、色调均匀度、皱纹和下垂。通过比较 10 年队列的信息，评估了种族内和种族间评分和皮肤特征的年龄相关性变化。我们还测试了绝经状态是否可以通过自我评估、评估者评估和基于图像的皮肤特征来预测。
所有种族的女性都认为自己比第三方评估者更年轻、更有吸引力和更健康，其中法国女性对年龄的差异最大，南非女性对吸引力和健康的差异最大。与其他参与者相比，印度和南非女性的镜面光泽度和肤色均匀度较低，而印度、日本和南非女性的下垂度高于中国和法国女性。绝经状态可以从评估者的评估和基于图像的皮肤特征预测，但不能从自我评估预测。
女性对自己面部外观的自我评估和评估者评估存在差异。这些差异因女性年龄和种族而异。在不同年龄组和种族群体中，年龄和种族的影响也表现在皮肤特征随年龄的变化中，这些变化以及评估者（而不是自我）对面部外观的评估可以预测绝经状态。
