Zhou Tao, Du Zhenlong, Luo Zhengzhong, Li Xiaoping, Wu Dan, Huang Yixin, Yong Kang, Yao Xueping, Shen Liuhong, Yu Shumin, Yan Zuoting, Cao Suizhong
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Lanzhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Pharmaceutical, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China.
Metabolites. 2024 Jul 15;14(7):386. doi: 10.3390/metabo14070386.
Retained placenta (RP) affects lactation and fertility in dairy cows and causes economic losses to the dairy industry. Therefore, screening for early warning of this disease is important. This study used multi omics techniques to reveal the metabolic differences of dairy cows before RP onset and to find potential warning markers. Fecal samples and serum samples of 90 healthy Holstein cows were collected 7 days pre-calving; 10 healthy and 10 RP cows were enrolled according to normal expulsion of fetal membranes after calving. Fecal samples were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis, while plasma was analyzed using targeted metabolomics. Pathogenic bacteria levels increased in the intestines of cows with RP compared to those in healthy cows. Lipid metabolites constituted the largest proportion of differential metabolites between feces and plasma. Six potential warning markers for RP in cows were identified, including two fecal microbiomics markers ( and ), one fecal untargeted metabolomics marker (-acetylmuramic acid), and three plasma targeted metabolomics markers (glycylcholic acid-3 sulfate, 7-ketolithocholic acid, and 12-ketolithocholic acid). These biomarkers can predict RP occurrence in the early perinatal period. These results lay a theoretical foundation for early nutritional intervention and pathogenesis research in dairy cows.
胎盘滞留（RP）会影响奶牛的泌乳和繁殖能力，并给乳制品行业带来经济损失。因此，对这种疾病进行早期预警筛查很重要。本研究采用多组学技术揭示奶牛在RP发病前的代谢差异，并寻找潜在的预警标志物。在产犊前7天收集90头健康荷斯坦奶牛的粪便样本和血清样本；根据产犊后胎膜正常排出情况，纳入10头健康奶牛和10头患有RP的奶牛。对粪便样本进行16S rRNA测序和非靶向代谢组学分析，同时对血浆进行靶向代谢组学分析。与健康奶牛相比，患有RP的奶牛肠道中的病原菌水平升高。脂质代谢物在粪便和血浆之间的差异代谢物中占比最大。确定了奶牛RP的六个潜在预警标志物，包括两个粪便微生物组学标志物（和）、一个粪便非靶向代谢组学标志物（N-乙酰胞壁酸）和三个血浆靶向代谢组学标志物（甘氨胆酸-3-硫酸盐、7-酮石胆酸和12-酮石胆酸）。这些生物标志物可以预测围产期早期RP的发生。这些结果为奶牛的早期营养干预和发病机制研究奠定了理论基础。
