高血压前期和高血压患者的运动处方：系统评价与荟萃分析
Exercise Prescription in Individuals with Prehypertension and Hypertension: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者信息
Xi Yang, Liu Xiaoyun, Chen Yuanyuan
机构信息
Department of Hypertension, Peking University People's Hospital, 100044 Beijing, China.
Department of Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100038 Beijing, China.
出版信息
Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2024 Mar 27;25(4):117. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm2504117. eCollection 2024 Apr.
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension has been increasing over the years, and is closely related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Exercise is an effective method of lifestyle intervention, and it aims to lower blood pressure and control other risks. Studies have shown that different modes of exercise have varying effects on blood pressure, and individuals with prehypertension or hypertension need to carry out this intervention by using personalized modes of exercise.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of different modes of exercise regimens on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in individuals with high-normal blood pressure and hypertension. We included 27 trials, and 2731 individuals were under 8 exercise regimens. Stata12.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS
Heat pools significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 15.62 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI]: -23.83, -7.41), and cycling reduced SBP by 14.76 mmHg (-17.04, -12.48). Two to three types of aerobic exercise performed at the same time also significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 5.61 mmHg (-7.71, -3.52), and isometric handgrip training exercise reduced DBP by 5.57 mmHg (-7.48, -3.66). Cycling also significantly reduced heart rate (HR) by 9.57 beats/minute (-11.25, -7.90).
CONCLUSIONS
The existing literature suggests that different types of exercise can effectively reduce the levels of SBP, DBP and HR in individuals with prehypertension or hypertension.
背景
近年来，高血压前期和高血压的患病率一直在上升，且与心脑血管疾病密切相关。运动是一种有效的生活方式干预方法，旨在降低血压并控制其他风险。研究表明，不同的运动方式对血压有不同的影响，高血压前期或高血压患者需要采用个性化的运动方式进行这种干预。
方法
我们进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，以评估不同运动方案对血压正常高值和高血压患者的收缩压、舒张压和心率的影响。我们纳入了27项试验，2731名个体接受8种运动方案。使用Stata12.0统计软件进行统计分析。
结果
热水池显著降低收缩压（SBP）15.62 mmHg（95%置信区间[CI]：-23.83，-7.41），骑自行车降低收缩压14.76 mmHg（-17.04，-12.48）。同时进行两到三种有氧运动也显著降低舒张压（DBP）5.61 mmHg（-7.71，-3.52），等长握力训练运动降低舒张压5.57 mmHg（-7.48，-3.66）。骑自行车还显著降低心率（HR）9.57次/分钟（-11.25，-7.90）。
结论
现有文献表明，不同类型的运动可以有效降低高血压前期或高血压患者的收缩压、舒张压和心率水平。
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