Miller Jessica L, Meier Nolan R, Wilke Karla H, Erickson Galen E, Loza Pablo L
Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Transl Anim Sci. 2024 Jul 3;8:txae101. doi: 10.1093/tas/txae101. eCollection 2024.
Objectives were to determine the effect of corn silage inclusion within dry-rolled corn (DRC) or steam-flaked corn (SFC) finishing diets on cattle growth performance and carcass characteristics. The experiment used British and continental crossbred steers ( = 480; initial body weight [BW] = 389 ± 17 kg) in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with six replications per treatment. Treatments consist of four inclusions of corn silage (0%, 15%, 30%, or 45%; dry matter [DM] basis) within either a DRC or SFC diet. A corn silage by corn processing interaction was observed for dry-matter intake (DMI; = 0.05). As corn silage inclusion increased in the diet, DMI increased linearly ( < 0.01) for both corn processing methods. DM intake was not different between SFC and DRC-fed cattle at 0% (= 0.33), 30% (= 0.90), or 45% (= 0.31) corn silage inclusion. The interaction was due to the DMI of cattle fed 15% silage, as cattle-fed DRC consumed 0.5 kg/d less (< 0.01) than cattle on the SFC diet. Quadratic effects were observed for final BW, hot carcass weight (HCW), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (G:F), marbling, and fat depth (< 0.01), regardless of corn processing. Cattle fed 15% or 30% corn silage gained faster (< 0.01) than those fed 0% or 45% corn silage. Feed efficiency decreased quadratically (< 0.01) as silage inclusion increased in the diet with G:F similar for cattle fed 0% and 15% silage and decreased curvilinearly for cattle fed 30% and 45% silage. The incidence of liver abscesses was greater (= 0.03) in cattle fed 0% corn silage than for steers fed 15%, 30%, or 45% corn silage. Corn processing method, independent of silage, had no effect (= 0.42) on liver abscess incidence. Feeding SFC increased ( < 0.01) steer final BW and HCW when compared to cattle-fed DRC, regardless of silage inclusion. Corn silage inclusion had similar effects on performance in both DRC diets and SFC diets except for DMI. As corn silage inclusion increased in the diet, feed efficiency decreased linearly (< 0.01). Cattle-fed SFC gained 7.9% more (< 0.01) and were 6.7% more efficient ( < 0.01) than cattle-fed DRC. In diets containing either DRC or SFC, corn silage can be included at up to 30% of the diet without negative impacts on ADG or HCW.
本研究旨在确定在干碾压玉米（DRC）或蒸汽压片玉米（SFC）育肥牛日粮中添加玉米青贮对牛生长性能和胴体特性的影响。试验采用英国和大陆杂交阉牛（n = 480；初始体重[BW]=389±17 kg），按4×2析因设计处理，每个处理6个重复。处理包括在DRC或SFC日粮中添加四种水平的玉米青贮（0%、15%、30%或45%；干物质[DM]基础）。观察到玉米青贮与玉米加工方式对干物质采食量（DMI）存在交互作用（P = 0.05）。随着日粮中玉米青贮添加量的增加，两种玉米加工方式的DMI均呈线性增加（P < 0.01）。在玉米青贮添加量为0%（P = 0.33）、30%（P = 0.90）或45%（P = 0.31）时，SFC和DRC育肥牛的DM采食量无差异。该交互作用是由于饲喂15%青贮的牛的DMI所致，因为饲喂DRC的牛比饲喂SFC日粮的牛每天少采食0.5 kg（P < 0.01）。无论玉米加工方式如何，最终体重、热胴体重（HCW）、平均日增重（ADG）、饲料效率（G:F）、大理石花纹和脂肪厚度均观察到二次效应（P < 0.01）。饲喂15%或30%玉米青贮的牛比饲喂0%或45%玉米青贮的牛增重更快（P < 0.01）。随着日粮中青贮添加量的增加，饲料效率呈二次下降（P < 0.01），饲喂0%和15%青贮的牛的G:F相似，而饲喂30%和45%青贮的牛的G:F呈曲线下降。饲喂0%玉米青贮的牛肝脏脓肿的发生率高于饲喂15%、30%或45%玉米青贮的阉牛（P = 0.03）。玉米加工方式，与青贮无关，对肝脏脓肿发生率无影响（P = 0.42）。与饲喂DRC的牛相比，饲喂SFC可提高阉牛的最终体重和HCW（P < 0.01），无论青贮添加量如何。除DMI外，玉米青贮添加量对DRC日粮和SFC日粮的性能影响相似。随着日粮中玉米青贮添加量的增加，饲料效率呈线性下降（P < 0.01）。饲喂SFC的牛比饲喂DRC的牛增重多7.9%（P < 0.01），效率高6.7%（P < 0.01）。在含有DRC或SFC的日粮中，玉米青贮的添加量可高达日粮的30%，而不会对ADG或HCW产生负面影响。
