Huck G L, Kreikemeier K K, Kuhl G L, Eck T P, Bolsen K K
Southwest Research-Extension Center and Department of Animal Sciences & Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1998 Dec;76(12):2984-90. doi: 10.2527/1998.76122984x.
The objective of these two feeding trials was to determine the associative effects of feeding steam-flaked grain sorghum (SFGS) in combination with steam-flaked (SFC), dry-rolled (DRC), or high-moisture (HMC) corn on growth performance and carcass characteristics in feedlot cattle. In Trial 1, 200 yearling heifers were blocked by weight, allotted to 25 pens, and fed one of five finishing diets (77% grain, 15% corn silage, and 8% supplement on a DM basis) for an average of 137 d. The grain combinations were 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 SFC:SFGS, respectively. Treatment had no effect on DMI (P > .05), but ADG, gain efficiency, and final live and hot carcass weights decreased linearly (P < .05) as the proportion of SFGS increased in the diet. Carcass backfat, quality grade, and liver abscess score were not affected (P > .05) by treatment. In Trial 2, 306 yearling steers were blocked by weight, allotted to 30 pens, and fed diets that contained 74.5% grain, 10% corn silage, 7.5% soybean meal, 4% tallow, and 4% supplement (DM basis) for an average of 139 d. The grain and grain combinations were 100% DRC, HMC, SFC, or SFGS and a 67%:33% combination of SFGS: DRC or SFGS:HMC. For steers fed diets containing a single source of grain, those fed SFC gained 7% more live weight and had a 7% higher gain efficiency (P < .05) than those fed DRC or HMC. Growth performance of steers fed SFGS was intermediate. Feeding grain combinations (67% SFGS:33% HMC or DRC) resulted in a 5 to 6% positive associative effect (P < .05) for ADG and gain efficiency. Carcass characteristics were not affected (P > .05) by treatment. We concluded that there were significant benefits (positive associative effects) when SFGS was fed in combination with DRC or HMC, but the effects were smaller when SFGS was fed in combination with SFC.
这两项饲养试验的目的是确定在育肥牛中，将蒸汽压片高粱（SFGS）与蒸汽压片玉米（SFC）、干碾压玉米（DRC）或高水分玉米（HMC）配合饲喂对生长性能和胴体特性的联合效应。在试验1中，200头一岁小母牛按体重分组，分配到25个围栏中，饲喂五种育肥日粮之一（以干物质计，谷物占77%、玉米青贮占15%、补充料占8%），平均饲喂137天。谷物组合分别为100:0、75:25、50:50、25:75和0:100的SFC:SFGS。处理对干物质采食量（DMI）无影响（P>.05），但随着日粮中SFGS比例的增加，平均日增重（ADG）、增重效率以及最终活重和热胴体重呈线性下降（P<.05）。胴体背膘厚、质量等级和肝脏脓肿评分不受处理影响（P>.05）。在试验2中，306头一岁公牛按体重分组，分配到30个围栏中，饲喂含74.5%谷物、10%玉米青贮、7.5%豆粕、4%牛脂和4%补充料（干物质计）的日粮，平均饲喂139天。谷物及谷物组合为100% DRC、HMC、SFC或SFGS，以及67%:33%的SFGS:DRC或SFGS:HMC组合。对于饲喂单一谷物来源日粮的公牛，饲喂SFC的公牛活重增加7%，增重效率高7%（P<.05），高于饲喂DRC或HMC的公牛。饲喂SFGS的公牛生长性能处于中等水平。饲喂谷物组合（67% SFGS:33% HMC或DRC）使ADG和增重效率产生5%至6%的正联合效应（P<.05）。处理对胴体特性无影响（P>.05）。我们得出结论，当SFGS与DRC或HMC配合饲喂时存在显著益处（正联合效应），但当SFGS与SFC配合饲喂时效应较小。
