Díez-Villanueva Pablo, Jiménez-Méndez César, Bonanad Clara, García-Blas Sergio, Pérez-Rivera Ángel, Allo Gonzalo, García-Pardo Héctor, Formiga Francesc, Camafort Miguel, Martínez-Sellés Manuel, Ariza-Solé Albert, Ayesta Ana
Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cádiz, Spain.
Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2022 May 25;23(6):188. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm2306188. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Age is associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease, which constitutes the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly population. In this text we thoroughly review current evidence regarding the impact on cardiovascular disease of the most important cardiovascular risk factors, especially prevalent and common in the elderly population. Diagnosis and treatment approaches are also addressed, also highlighting the importance of adequate primary and secondary prevention and management. Also, the relationship between cardiovascular disease and some comorbidities and geriatric conditions, such as frailty, particularly common in the elderly, is reviewed, together with some other issues, less often addressed but closely related to ageing, such as genetics, structural and electrical heart changes and oxidative stress. All such questions are of great importance in the comprehensive approach of risk factors and cardiovascular disease in the elderly.
年龄与心血管危险因素增加及心血管疾病相关，心血管疾病是老年人群发病和死亡的主要原因。在本文中，我们全面回顾了有关最重要心血管危险因素对心血管疾病影响的现有证据，这些危险因素在老年人群中尤为普遍和常见。文中还探讨了诊断和治疗方法，强调了充分的一级和二级预防及管理的重要性。此外，还回顾了心血管疾病与一些合并症及老年疾病（如衰弱，在老年人中尤为常见）之间的关系，以及其他一些较少被提及但与衰老密切相关的问题，如遗传学、心脏结构和电活动变化以及氧化应激。所有这些问题在老年人危险因素和心血管疾病的综合处理中都至关重要。
