Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
J Phys Act Health. 2024 Jul 31;21(9):928-938. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2024-0003. Print 2024 Sep 1.
Cognitively stimulating sedentary behavior (SB) may positively impact cognition. This study aimed to (1) describe participation across types of SB among older adults with and without cognitive impairment and (2) examine how baseline SB participation impacts cognition, longitudinally.
We used National Health and Aging Trends Study data from rounds 6 to 11 for cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Participants were 2244 community-dwelling older adults who were selected for the SB module in round 6. The SBs were categorized as active (eg, hobbies) and passive (eg, television). Participants were also categorized as having intact or impaired orientation, memory, and executive function based on tests of orientation, recall, and the clock-drawing test. We calculated descriptive statistics characterizing SB by cognitive status. Aim 2 involved competing risks proportional hazard models of participants with intact cognition (n = 1574) to identify associations between baseline SB and changes in cognition, moves to institutional care, and death over 6 years.
Participants (40% ≥ 80 years, 55% female, 77% White non-Hispanic) averaged 8.75 (SD = 4.42) hours of daily SB, including 4.05 (SD = 2.32) hours of passive SB and 4.75 (SD = 3.13) hours of active SB. Active SB >3 hours per day was associated with a lower risk of impaired orientation (subdistribution hazard models = 0.60; P = .048) and memory (subdistribution hazard models = 0.62; P = .02). Baseline participation in passive SB did not impact the risk of having a change in cognition during rounds 7 to 11.
Cognitive decline was lower among older adults who participated in more active SB. Thus, type of SB should be considered in examining the impact on cognition.
认知刺激性的久坐行为（SB）可能对认知产生积极影响。本研究旨在：（1）描述认知正常和认知障碍老年人参与各种 SB 的情况；（2） 检查基线 SB 参与度如何对认知产生影响，进行纵向分析。
我们使用了从第 6 轮到第 11 轮的国家健康老龄化趋势研究的数据进行了横断面和纵向分析。参与者为 2244 名居住在社区的老年人，他们在第 6 轮中被选中参加 SB 模块。SB 被分为主动型（如爱好）和被动型（如看电视）。参与者还根据定向、回忆和时钟绘图测试分为定向、记忆和执行功能正常和受损。我们计算了描述性统计数据，以描绘 SB 按认知状态分类的特征。目的 2 涉及到认知正常参与者（n = 1574）的竞争风险比例风险模型，以确定基线 SB 与认知变化、搬入机构护理和 6 年内死亡之间的关联。
参与者（40%≥80 岁，55%女性，77%白种人非西班牙裔）平均每天有 8.75 小时的 SB，包括 4.05 小时的被动 SB 和 4.75 小时的主动 SB。每天主动 SB 超过 3 小时与定向障碍（亚分布风险模型 = 0.60；P =.048）和记忆障碍（亚分布风险模型 = 0.62；P =.02）的风险降低相关。基线参与被动 SB 并不影响在第 7 轮至第 11 轮期间认知变化的风险。
积极参与 SB 的老年人认知下降较低。因此，在检查 SB 对认知的影响时，应考虑 SB 的类型。
