Forgenie David, Dhayal Karambir Singh, Sookhai Satesh, Khoiriyah Nikmatul, Suchit Celine, Simbhoo Gabrielle, Isaac Wendy-Ann P
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Food and Agriculture, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
Department of Economics and Finance, Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 6;10(13):e34238. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34238. eCollection 2024 Jul 15.
India is one of the world's largest producers of tree nuts, yet it paradoxically remains a net importer of these commodities. This study aims to analyze the demand for imported tree nuts in India, motivated by the need to understand the factors contributing to this imbalance. The primary objective is to calculate income elasticities and own- and cross-price elasticities for five categories of imported tree nuts using the linear approximate almost ideal demand system model. Data is sourced from monthly import records from the United Nations Comtrade database covering 2014 to 2022. The tree nuts considered are almonds, cashews, pistachios, walnuts, and hazelnuts. Key findings reveal all imported tree nuts are normal goods. Cashews exhibit income elasticity (1.2), indicating a significant demand increase with rising incomes, while other nuts show income inelasticity. Cashews are price-elastic (-1.3), while other nuts are price-inelastic. Compensated cross-price elasticities indicate notable substitution effects, particularly between almonds and cashews. The study recommends enhancing domestic cashew production to meet growing demand and developing targeted marketing strategies to address competitive dynamics within the tree nut market. These strategies aim to reduce India's dependency on imports and promote a balanced, sustainable domestic market.
印度是世界上最大的坚果生产国之一，但矛盾的是，它仍然是这些商品的净进口国。本研究旨在分析印度对进口坚果的需求，其动机是需要了解造成这种不平衡的因素。主要目标是使用线性近似几乎理想需求系统模型计算五类进口坚果的收入弹性、自身价格弹性和交叉价格弹性。数据来源于联合国商品贸易数据库2014年至2022年的月度进口记录。所考虑的坚果有杏仁、腰果、开心果、核桃和榛子。主要研究结果显示，所有进口坚果都是正常商品。腰果的收入弹性为1.2，表明随着收入增加需求显著上升，而其他坚果则表现出收入缺乏弹性。腰果的价格弹性为-1.3，而其他坚果的价格缺乏弹性。补偿交叉价格弹性表明存在显著的替代效应，尤其是杏仁和腰果之间。该研究建议提高国内腰果产量以满足不断增长的需求，并制定有针对性的营销策略以应对坚果市场内的竞争动态。这些策略旨在减少印度对进口的依赖，促进平衡、可持续的国内市场。
