Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Microb Biotechnol. 2024 Aug;17(8):e14542. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.14542.
The human gut microbiota influences its host via multiple molecular pathways, including immune system interactions, the provision of nutrients and regulation of host physiology. Dietary fibre plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy microbiota as its primary nutrient and energy source. Industrialisation has led to a massive decrease of habitual fibre intake in recent times, and fibre intakes across the world are below the national recommendations. This goes hand in hand with other factors in industrialised societies that may negatively affect the gut microbiota, such as medication and increased hygiene. Non-communicable diseases are on the rise in urbanised societies and the optimisation of dietary fibre intake can help to improve global health and prevent disease. Early life interventions shape the developing microbiota to counteract malnutrition, both in the context of industrialised nations with an overabundance of cheap, highly processed foods, as well as in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Adequate fibre intake should, however, be maintained across the life course to promote health. Here we will discuss the current state of dietary fibre research in the global context and consider different intervention approaches.
人类肠道微生物群通过多种分子途径影响宿主，包括免疫系统的相互作用、提供营养物质和调节宿主生理机能。膳食纤维作为主要的营养物质和能量来源，在维持健康的微生物群方面起着至关重要的作用。近年来，工业化导致人们习惯性膳食纤维摄入量大幅减少，而全世界的膳食纤维摄入量都低于国家建议摄入量。这与工业化社会中的其他因素相互影响，这些因素可能会对肠道微生物群产生负面影响，例如药物和更高的卫生标准。非传染性疾病在城市化社会中呈上升趋势，优化膳食纤维的摄入可以帮助改善全球健康状况和预防疾病。早期生活干预可以塑造正在发育的微生物群，以对抗营养不良，这不仅在工业化国家中存在大量廉价、高度加工的食品的情况下适用，也适用于低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）。然而，应该在整个生命周期中保持足够的膳食纤维摄入量，以促进健康。在这里，我们将讨论全球范围内膳食纤维研究的现状，并考虑不同的干预方法。
