Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2024 Aug 8;56(8):1221-1233. doi: 10.3724/abbs.2024137.
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is an important serum glycoprotein and a major component of antibodies. Glycans on IgG affect the binding of IgG to the Fc receptor or complement C1q, which in turn affects the biological activity and biological function of IgG. Altered glycosylation patterns on IgG emerge as important biomarkers in the aging process and age-related diseases. Key aging-related alterations observed in IgG glycosylation include reductions in galactosylation and sialylation, alongside increases in agalactosylation, and bisecting GlcNAc. Understanding the role of IgG glycosylation in aging-related diseases offers insights into disease mechanisms and provides opportunities for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This review summarizes five aspects of IgG: an overview of IgG, IgG glycosylation, IgG glycosylation with inflammation mediation, IgG glycan changes with normal aging, as well as the relevance of IgG glycan changes to aging-related diseases. This review provides a reference for further investigation of the regulatory mechanisms of IgG glycosylation in aging-related diseases, as well as for evaluating the potential of IgG glycosylation changes as markers of aging and aging-related diseases.
免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）是一种重要的血清糖蛋白，也是抗体的主要成分。IgG 上的聚糖会影响 IgG 与 Fc 受体或补体 C1q 的结合，进而影响 IgG 的生物学活性和功能。IgG 糖基化模式的改变是衰老过程和与年龄相关疾病的重要生物标志物。在 IgG 糖基化中观察到的与衰老相关的关键改变包括半乳糖基化和唾液酸化减少，以及非半乳糖基化和双分支 GlcNAc 增加。了解 IgG 糖基化在与年龄相关疾病中的作用，为深入了解疾病机制提供了机会，并为诊断和治疗策略的发展提供了机会。本综述总结了 IgG 的五个方面：概述 IgG、IgG 糖基化、IgG 糖基化与炎症调节、正常衰老过程中 IgG 聚糖的变化，以及 IgG 聚糖变化与与年龄相关疾病的相关性。本综述为进一步研究与年龄相关疾病中 IgG 糖基化的调控机制提供了参考，也为评估 IgG 糖基化变化作为衰老和与年龄相关疾病标志物的潜力提供了参考。
