Gupta Sweety, Gupta Manoj, Goyal Bela, Yadav Shashi Ranjan Mani, Mirza Anissa A, Gupta Amit, Rao Shalinee, Kumari Kusum, Nanda Siddhartha, Kotru Mrinalini
Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND.
Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 12;16(7):e64386. doi: 10.7759/cureus.64386. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Introduction The objective of the present study was to identify gene expression in peripheral blood by a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in patients who have lung carcinoma. Material and methods Peripheral blood samples of patients with non-small cell and small cell lung cancer were collected. Target genes included survivin, CK7, ASH1, HMGB3, L587S, and CLCA2. β-Actin was the reference gene. If the mean C (threshold cycle) value for a target gene is ≥40, the gene expression is considered undetectable. Results Fifty patients with lung carcinoma were included and 30 healthy controls. Out of the six genes, survivin showed 26.8 times fold change as compared to controls; ASH1 and L587S were 0.54 and 0.06, respectively; and HMGB3, CLCA2, and CK7 had non-significant fold change in comparison to controls. The overall detection rate of the six target genes examined in lung cancer was 84%, with 42 out of 50 patients testing positive. Higher stages and ASH1 (p = 0.031), CK7 (p = <0.001), and HMGB3, p = 0.011 were associated significantly. CLCA2 had higher expression in patients without adrenal metastases (p = 0.044). Conclusions Lifestyle and geographical variation might be a probable cause of variable gene expression as compared to other studies. However, further research is needed to determine the clinical implication of these markers, especially in larger groups of early-stage patients.
引言 本研究的目的是通过实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术鉴定肺癌患者外周血中的基因表达。
材料和方法 收集非小细胞肺癌和小细胞肺癌患者的外周血样本。目标基因包括生存素、细胞角蛋白7（CK7）、ASH1、高迁移率族蛋白B3（HMGB3）、L587S和氯离子通道蛋白2（CLCA2）。β-肌动蛋白作为参照基因。如果目标基因的平均C（阈值循环）值≥40，则认为该基因表达无法检测到。
结果 纳入50例肺癌患者和30例健康对照。在这六个基因中，与对照组相比，生存素显示出26.8倍的变化倍数；ASH1和L587S分别为0.54和零0.06；与对照组相比，HMGB3、CLCA2和CK7的变化倍数无统计学意义。在肺癌中检测的六个目标基因的总体检出率为84%，50例患者中有42例检测呈阳性。较高分期与ASH1（p = 0.031）、CK7（p = <0.001）和HMGB3（p = 0.011）显著相关。CLCA2在无肾上腺转移的患者中表达较高（p = 0.044）。
结论 与其他研究相比，生活方式和地域差异可能是基因表达变化的一个可能原因。然而，需要进一步研究以确定这些标志物的临床意义，尤其是在更大规模的早期患者群体中。
