Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
J Mater Chem B. 2024 Sep 11;12(35):8543-8576. doi: 10.1039/d4tb00226a.
In the past few decades, scaffolds manufactured from composite or hybrid biomaterials of natural or synthetic origin have made great strides in enhancing wound healing and repairing fractures and pathological bone loss. However, the prevailing use of such scaffolds in tissue engineering is accompanied by numerous constraints, including low mechanical stability, poor biological activity, and impaired cell proliferation and differentiation. The performance of scaffolds in wound and bone tissue engineering may be enhanced by some modifications in the synthesis of nanoscale metal-organic framework (nano-MOF) scaffolds. Nano-MOFs have attracted researchers' attention in recent years due to their distinctive features, which include tenability, biocompatibility, good mechanical stability, and ultrahigh surface area. The biological properties of scaffolds are enhanced and tissue regeneration is facilitated by the introduction of nano-MOFs. Moreover, the physicochemical characteristics, drug loading, and ion release capacities of the scaffolds are improved by the nanoscale structure and topological features of nano-MOFs, which also control stem cell differentiation, proliferation, and attachment. This review provides further comprehensive detail about the most recent uses of nano-MOFs in tissue engineering. The distinct characteristics of nano-MOFs are explored in enhancing tissue repair, wound healing, osteoinduction, and bone conductivity. Significant attributes include high antibacterial activity, substantial drug-loading capacity, and the ability to regulate drug release. Finally, this discussion addresses the obstacles, clinical impediments, and considerations encountered in the application of these nanomaterials to diverse scaffolds, tissue-mimicking structures, dressings, fillers, and implants for bone tissue repair and wound healing.
在过去几十年中，由天然或合成来源的复合材料或混合生物材料制成的支架在促进伤口愈合和修复骨折及病理性骨丢失方面取得了重大进展。然而，这些支架在组织工程中的广泛应用伴随着许多限制，包括机械稳定性低、生物活性差以及细胞增殖和分化受损。通过对纳米级金属有机骨架（nano-MOF）支架的合成进行某些修改，可以提高支架在伤口和骨组织工程中的性能。近年来，纳米 MOF 因其独特的特性，包括可调节性、生物相容性、良好的机械稳定性和超高的表面积，引起了研究人员的关注。纳米 MOF 的引入增强了支架的生物学特性并促进了组织再生。此外，纳米 MOF 的纳米结构和拓扑特性改善了支架的物理化学特性、药物负载和离子释放能力，还控制了干细胞的分化、增殖和附着。本综述进一步详细介绍了纳米 MOF 在组织工程中的最新应用。探讨了纳米 MOF 在增强组织修复、伤口愈合、成骨诱导和骨传导性方面的独特特性。显著属性包括高抗菌活性、大容量的药物负载能力和调节药物释放的能力。最后，本讨论讨论了这些纳米材料在不同支架、组织模拟结构、敷料、填充物和骨组织修复和伤口愈合植入物中的应用所面临的障碍、临床障碍和考虑因素。
