Urbanowicz Tomasz, Hanć Anetta, Frąckowiak Julia, Białasik-Misiorny Maksymilian, Olasińska-Wiśniewska Anna, Krasińska Beata, Krasińska-Płachta Aleksandra, Tomczak Jolanta, Kowalewski Mariusz, Krasiński Zbigniew, Tykarski Andrzej, Jemielity Marek
Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dluga ½ Street, 61-701, Poznan, Poland.
Thoracic Research Centre, Innovative Medical Forum, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2025 Apr;203(4):2122-2131. doi: 10.1007/s12011-024-04335-w. Epub 2024 Aug 15.
Coronary artery disease is among the leading current epidemiological challenges. The genetic, clinical, and lifestyle-related risk factors are well documented. The reason for specific epicardial artery locations remains unsolved. The coronary artery topography and blood flow characteristics may induce local inflammatory activation. The atherosclerotic plaque formation is believed to represent inflammatory response involving enzymatic processes co-factored by trace elements. The possible relation between trace elements and coronary artery disease location was the subject of the study. There were 175 patients (107 (61) men and 68 (39) females) in a median (Q1-3) age of 71 years (65-76) admitted for coronary angiography due to chronic coronary syndrome. The angiographic results focused on the percentage of lumen stenosis in certain arteries and were compared with the results for hair scalp trace elements. The correlation between left main coronary artery atherosclerotic plaques and nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and antimony (Sb) hair scalp concentration was noted. The analysis revealed a positive relation between left descending artery disease and chromium (Cr), sodium (Na), arsenic (As), and molybdenum (Mo) and a negative correlation with strontium (Sr). The atherosclerotic lesion in the circumflex artery revealed correlations in our analysis with sodium (Na), potassium (K), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), and negative with strontium (Sr) (r) hair scalp concentrations. The negative correlations between right coronary artery disease and magnesium (Mg) and strontium (Sr) concentrations were noted. The possible explanation of different epicardial artery involvement and severity by atherosclerotic processes may lay in their topography and blood rheological characteristics that induce different inflammatory reactions co0factored by specific trace elements. The trace element concentration in the hair scalp may correlate with a particular coronary atherosclerotic involvement, including the severity of lumen reduction. This may indicate the missing link between the pathophysiological processes of atherosclerosis development and its location in coronary arteries.
冠状动脉疾病是当前主要的流行病学挑战之一。遗传、临床和生活方式相关的风险因素已有充分记录。特定心外膜动脉位置的原因仍未解决。冠状动脉的地形和血流特征可能会引发局部炎症激活。动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成被认为代表了涉及由微量元素作为辅助因子的酶促过程的炎症反应。微量元素与冠状动脉疾病位置之间的可能关系是该研究的主题。有175例患者（107例（61%）男性和68例（39%）女性）因慢性冠状动脉综合征入院接受冠状动脉造影，年龄中位数（四分位间距）为71岁（65 - 76岁）。血管造影结果聚焦于某些动脉的管腔狭窄百分比，并与头皮头发中的微量元素结果进行比较。注意到左主冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块与头皮头发中镍（Ni）、锌（Zn）和锑（Sb）浓度之间的相关性。分析显示左前降支动脉疾病与铬（Cr）、钠（Na）、砷（As）和钼（Mo）呈正相关，与锶（Sr）呈负相关。在我们的分析中，回旋支动脉的动脉粥样硬化病变与头皮头发中的钠（Na）、钾（K）、铬（Cr）、镍（Ni）、砷（As）呈相关性，与锶（Sr）呈负相关（r）。注意到右冠状动脉疾病与镁（Mg）和锶（Sr）浓度之间呈负相关。动脉粥样硬化过程对不同心外膜动脉的累及和严重程度的可能解释可能在于它们的地形和血液流变学特征，这些特征会引发由特定微量元素作为辅助因子的不同炎症反应。头皮头发中的微量元素浓度可能与特定的冠状动脉粥样硬化累及相关，包括管腔狭窄的严重程度。这可能表明动脉粥样硬化发展的病理生理过程与其在冠状动脉中的位置之间缺失的联系。
