Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD, CSIC), Seville, Spain.
Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Huelva, Spain.
Parasit Vectors. 2024 Aug 17;17(1):343. doi: 10.1186/s13071-024-06438-8.
Aedes albopictus is catalogued as one of the 100 most dangerous species worldwide. Native to Asia, the species has drastically increased its distribution range, reaching all continents except Antarctica. The presence of Ae. albopictus in Spain was first reported in 2004 in Cataluña (NE Spain), and it is spreading in the country.
We conducted an extensive mosquito monitoring study in the natural protected area of the Doñana National Park (SW Spain) in 2023. After identifying the presence of Ae. albopictus, a mosquito control strategy was developed and implemented to eradicate the species in the area.
Overall, 12,652 mosquito females of 14 different species were captured at nine sites within the park. For the first time, the presence of Ae. albopictus was recorded in the area, despite intensive trapping performed at some localities since 2003. The presence of this invasive species in the park is most likely linked to human activities, potentially facilitated by daily car trips of personnel. Although larvae of Culex, Anopheles, and Culiseta mosquitoes were identified in these containers, the presence of Ae. albopictus larvae was not recorded in those locations. In spite of that, the biological larvicide Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) was applied to artificial containers potentially used by Ae. albopictus as breeding sites.
This work evidences the high capacity of Ae. albopictus to reach highly conserved natural areas far from urban foci. We discuss the implications of the presence of Ae. albopictus in this endangered ecosystem and the potential control measures necessary to prevent its reintroduction.
白纹伊蚊被列为全球最危险的 100 种物种之一。该物种原产于亚洲，其分布范围急剧扩大，遍布除南极洲以外的所有大陆。2004 年首次在西班牙加泰罗尼亚（西班牙东北部）报告了白纹伊蚊的存在，此后该物种在该国不断扩散。
我们于 2023 年在西班牙自然保护区多尼亚纳国家公园（西班牙西南部）进行了广泛的蚊子监测研究。在确定存在白纹伊蚊后，制定并实施了蚊子控制策略，以在该地区消灭该物种。
总共在公园内的 9 个地点捕获了 14 种不同种类的 12652 只雌性蚊子。尽管自 2003 年以来在一些地方进行了密集诱捕，但该地区首次记录到白纹伊蚊的存在。该入侵物种在公园内的存在很可能与人类活动有关，人员的日常汽车旅行可能为其提供了便利。尽管在这些容器中发现了库蚊、疟蚊和库蚊的幼虫，但未在这些地点记录到白纹伊蚊幼虫的存在。尽管如此，仍在可能被白纹伊蚊用作繁殖地的人工容器中应用了生物幼虫杀虫剂苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种 (Bti)。
这项工作证明了白纹伊蚊到达远离城市热点的高度保护自然区域的高能力。我们讨论了白纹伊蚊在这个濒危生态系统中的存在的影响，以及为防止其重新引入而必须采取的潜在控制措施。
