Microneedle patch casting using a micromachined carbon master for enhanced drug delivery.

For successful treatment of diseases, sufficient therapeutics must be provided to the body. Microneedle applications in therapeutic delivery and analytics sampling are restricted because of various issues, including smaller area for drug loading and analytics sampling. To achieve sufficient drug loading and analytics sampling and improve drug penetration while maintaining painless administration, patch-type microneedle arrays were designed and fabricated using polymer casting from a conical cavity mold. Microcavities were formed on a carbon plate via micromechanical machining. A porous polymer layer was coated on a microneedle patch (MNP). The pores of the porous polymer layer provided space and channels for drug delivery. A pH-sensitive polymer layer was employed to cap the porous polymer layer, which prevented drug leakage during storage and provided a stimulus drug release in response to body pH conditions. The drug can be delivered through holes connected to both sides of the patch. The drug release of the MNP was investigated in vitro and in vivo and showed conceptual proof that these MNs have the potential to enhance treatment protocols for various diseases with the flexibility of coating and therapeutic materials and offer significant scope for further variations and advancement.