Alyatkin Sergey, Milián Carles, Kartashov Yaroslav V, Sitnik Kirill A, Gnusov Ivan, Töpfer Julian D, Sigurðsson Helgi, Lagoudakis Pavlos G
Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Territory of innovation center "Skolkovo," Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, Moscow 121205, Russia.
Institut Universitari de Matemàtica Pura i Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain.
Sci Adv. 2024 Aug 23;10(34):eadj1589. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adj1589.
Vortices are topologically distinctive objects appearing as phase twists in coherent fields of optical beams and Bose-Einstein condensates. Structured networks and artificial lattices of coupled vortices could offer a powerful platform to study and simulate interaction mechanisms between constituents of condensed matter systems, such as antiferromagnetic interactions, by replacement of spin angular momentum with orbital angular momentum. Here, we realize such a platform using a macroscopic quantum fluid of light based on exciton-polariton condensates. We imprint all-optical hexagonal lattice that results into a triangular vortex lattice, with each cell having a vortex of charge = ±1. We reveal that pairs of coupled condensates spontaneously arrange their orbital angular momentum antiparallel, implying a form of artificial orbital "antiferromagnetism." We discover that correlation exists between the emergent vortex patterns in triangular condensate lattices and the low-energy solutions of the corresponding antiferromagnetic Ising system. Our study offers a path toward spontaneously ordered vortex arrays with nearly arbitrary configurations and controlled couplings.
涡旋是拓扑上独特的物体，表现为光束和玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚体相干场中的相位扭曲。耦合涡旋的结构化网络和人工晶格可以提供一个强大的平台，通过用轨道角动量替代自旋角动量来研究和模拟凝聚态物质系统成分之间的相互作用机制，如反铁磁相互作用。在此，我们基于激子 - 极化激元凝聚体使用宏观光量子流体实现了这样一个平台。我们通过全光方式刻写六边形晶格，结果形成了三角形涡旋晶格，每个晶格单元都有一个电荷为 = ±1 的涡旋。我们发现，成对的耦合凝聚体会自发地将它们的轨道角动量排列成反平行，这意味着一种人工轨道“反铁磁性”形式。我们发现，三角形凝聚体晶格中出现的涡旋图案与相应反铁磁伊辛系统的低能解之间存在相关性。我们的研究为实现具有几乎任意构型和可控耦合的自发有序涡旋阵列提供了一条途径。
