Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA; Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2024 Oct;81:102526. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102526. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
Fungal effector proteins function at the interfaces of diverse interactions between fungi and their plant and animal hosts, facilitating interactions that are pathogenic or mutualistic. Recent advancements in protein structure prediction have significantly accelerated the identification and functional predictions of these rapidly evolving effector proteins. This development enables scientists to generate testable hypotheses for functional validation using experimental approaches. Research frontiers in effector biology include understanding pathways through which effector proteins are secreted or translocated into host cells, their roles in manipulating host microbiomes, and their contribution to interacting with host immunity. Comparative effector repertoires among different fungal-host interactions can highlight unique adaptations, providing insights for the development of novel antifungal therapies and biocontrol strategies.
真菌效应蛋白在真菌与其植物和动物宿主之间的各种相互作用界面上发挥作用，促进了致病性或互利共生的相互作用。蛋白质结构预测的最新进展极大地加速了这些快速进化的效应蛋白的鉴定和功能预测。这一发展使科学家能够使用实验方法生成可用于功能验证的可测试假设。效应物生物学的研究前沿包括了解效应蛋白分泌或易位进入宿主细胞的途径、它们在操纵宿主微生物组中的作用以及它们在与宿主免疫相互作用中的贡献。不同真菌-宿主相互作用之间的比较效应物库可以突出独特的适应性，为开发新型抗真菌疗法和生物防治策略提供见解。
