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对家猪和野猪在城市环境中的肠道微生物群和代谢物进行的多组学分析揭示了截然不同的特征。

Multi-omics analysis of gut microbiota and metabolites reveals contrasting profiles in domestic pigs and wild boars across urban environments.

作者信息

Ding Jingjing, Cui Xinyuan, Wang Xuan, Zhai Feifei, Wang Lei, Zhu Lifeng

机构信息

Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China.

Jiangsu Yangzhou Urban Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Yangzhou, China.

出版信息

Front Microbiol. 2024 Aug 13;15:1450306. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1450306. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1450306
PMID:39193431
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11347354/
Abstract

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host health and metabolism. This study explores the differences in gut microbiota and metabolites between domestic pigs (DP) and wild boars (WB) in urban environments. We analyzed gut microbial composition, metabolic profiles, virome composition, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) in both DP and WB. Our results revealed that DP exhibited a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and were enriched in bacterial genera associated with domestication and modern feeding practices. Metabolomic analysis showed distinct profiles, with WB significantly enriched in the Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathway, highlighting dietary and environmental influences on host metabolism. Additionally, DP had a distinct gut virome composition, particularly enriched in lytic phages of the Chaseviridae family. ARG analysis indicated a higher abundance of tetracycline resistance genes in DP, likely due to antibiotic use in pig farms. Furthermore, variations in HPB composition underscored potential health risks associated with contact with pig feces. These findings provide valuable insights into the microbial ecology of domestic pigs and wild boars, emphasizing the importance of these comparisons in identifying zoonotic pathogen transmission pathways and managing antibiotic resistance. Continued research in this area is essential for developing effective strategies to mitigate public health risks and promote sustainable livestock management practices.

摘要

肠道微生物群在宿主健康和新陈代谢中起着至关重要的作用。本研究探讨了城市环境中家猪（DP）和野猪（WB）肠道微生物群和代谢产物的差异。我们分析了DP和WB的肠道微生物组成、代谢谱、病毒组组成、抗生素抗性基因（ARG）和人类病原菌（HPB）。我们的结果显示，DP的厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比例更高，并且在与驯化和现代饲养方式相关的细菌属中富集。代谢组学分析显示出不同的谱，WB在泛酸和辅酶A生物合成途径中显著富集，突出了饮食和环境对宿主代谢的影响。此外，DP具有独特的肠道病毒组组成，特别是在Chaseviridae家族的裂解噬菌体中富集。ARG分析表明DP中四环素抗性基因的丰度更高，这可能是由于猪场使用抗生素所致。此外，HPB组成的差异强调了与猪粪便接触相关的潜在健康风险。这些发现为家猪和野猪的微生物生态学提供了有价值的见解，强调了这些比较在确定人畜共患病原体传播途径和管理抗生素抗性方面的重要性。该领域的持续研究对于制定减轻公共卫生风险和促进可持续畜牧管理实践的有效策略至关重要。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/6c5978ac5979/fmicb-15-1450306-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/c125e9edbdd5/fmicb-15-1450306-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/c36716da5c00/fmicb-15-1450306-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/74937c4a8158/fmicb-15-1450306-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/fa9cc69b147c/fmicb-15-1450306-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/f955c8333da7/fmicb-15-1450306-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/6c5978ac5979/fmicb-15-1450306-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/c125e9edbdd5/fmicb-15-1450306-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/c36716da5c00/fmicb-15-1450306-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/74937c4a8158/fmicb-15-1450306-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/fa9cc69b147c/fmicb-15-1450306-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/f955c8333da7/fmicb-15-1450306-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3d74/11347354/6c5978ac5979/fmicb-15-1450306-g006.jpg

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