Hong Yang, Liu Xinxin, Zhang Ning, Wang Ziwen, Zhang Changzhi, Zhang Minghai
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Jiangxi Environmental Engineering Vocational College, Ganzhou 341000, China.
Biology (Basel). 2024 Aug 7;13(8):594. doi: 10.3390/biology13080594.
The global focus on fostering harmonious interactions and promoting rational coexistence among wildlife species to uphold or reinstate biodiversity remains a prominent area of interest. We conducted a study on the sable and yellow-throated marten in Taipinggou National Nature Reserve, Heilongjiang, China, using the line transect method and infrared camera traps from 2022 to 2023. We then analyzed the overlap of their suitable habitats and niches with the aim of gaining insight into the interspecific competition between these two species. We found that the suitable habitat areas for the sable and yellow-throated marten were 55.20 km and 23.28 km, accounting for 24.86% and 10.48% of the total area of this study, respectively. The overlap between the suitable habitats for the sable and yellow-throated marten was 15.73 km, accounting for 28.5% and 67.6% of their suitable habitat, supporting our Hypothesis 1. The first principal component (Dim1) of the niche explained 35.4% of the overall variability, which is mainly related to the environmental variables "Distance from Settlements" and "Distance from Roads". Overall, 25.5% of the total variability was explained by the second principal component (Dim2), associated with "Slope" and "Distance from Coniferous and Broadleaved Mixed Forest". The niches occupied by the sable and yellow-throated marten were both off-center of the environmental background space, with the niches of the sable being larger than those of the yellow-throated marten. Schoener's D index was 0.56, indicating a high degree of niche overlap between the sable and yellow-throated marten, supporting our Hypothesis 2. Our study is helpful in terms of formulating conservation and management policies for the sable and yellow-throated marten.
全球致力于促进野生动物物种之间的和谐互动并推动其合理共存以维护或恢复生物多样性，这仍是一个备受关注的重要领域。我们于2022年至2023年在中国黑龙江太平沟国家级自然保护区，采用样线法和红外相机陷阱对紫貂和黄喉貂进行了研究。然后，我们分析了它们适宜栖息地和生态位的重叠情况，旨在深入了解这两个物种之间的种间竞争。我们发现，紫貂和黄喉貂的适宜栖息地面积分别为55.20平方千米和23.28平方千米，分别占本研究总面积的24.86%和10.48%。紫貂和黄喉貂适宜栖息地之间的重叠面积为15.73平方千米，分别占它们适宜栖息地的28.5%和67.6%，支持了我们的假设1。生态位的第一主成分（Dim1）解释了总体变异的35.4%，这主要与环境变量“距居民点距离”和“距道路距离”有关。总体而言，第二主成分（Dim2）解释了总变异的25.5%，与“坡度”和“距针阔混交林距离”有关。紫貂和黄喉貂所占据的生态位均偏离环境背景空间的中心，紫貂的生态位比黄喉貂的大。Schoener's D指数为0.56，表明紫貂和黄喉貂之间存在高度的生态位重叠，支持了我们的假设2。我们的研究有助于制定紫貂和黄喉貂的保护和管理政策。
