Tang Xianjiang, Zhang Liangzhi, Wang Lei, Ren Shien, Zhang Jianbo, Ma Yuhong, Xu Fafang, Wu Guofang, Zhang Yanming
Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China.
Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China.
Microorganisms. 2024 Aug 14;12(8):1674. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12081674.
Dietary fiber (DF) is an important nutrient component in pig's diet that remarkably influences their growth and slaughter performance. The ability of pigs to digest DF depends on the microbial composition of the intestinal tract, particularly in the hindgut. However, studies on how DF alters the growth and slaughter performance of pigs by shaping the gut microbial composition and metabolites are still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of DF on microbial composition, functions, and metabolites, ultimately altering host growth and slaughter performance using Durco × Bamei crossbred pigs supplemented with 0%, 10%, 17%, and 24% broad bean silage in the basic diet. We found that the final weight, average daily gain, fat, and lean meat weight significantly decreased with increasing DF. Pigs with the lowest slaughter rate and fat weight were observed in the 24% fiber-supplemented group. Gut microbial communities with the highest alpha diversity were formed in the 17% fiber group. The relative abundance of fiber-degrading bacteria, bile acid, and succinate-producing bacteria, including sp., sp., sp., and sp., and functional pathways, including the butanoate metabolism and the tricarboxylic acid [TCA] cycle, significantly increased in the high-fiber groups. The concentrations of several bile acids significantly decreased in the fiber-supplemented groups, whereas the concentrations of succinate and long-chain fatty acids increased. Our results indicate that a high-fiber diet may alter the growth and slaughter performance of Durco × Bamei crossbred pigs by modulating the composition of sp., sp., sp., sp., and metabolite pathways of bile acids and succinate.
膳食纤维（DF）是猪日粮中的一种重要营养成分，对其生长和屠宰性能有显著影响。猪消化DF的能力取决于肠道微生物组成，尤其是后肠的微生物组成。然而，关于DF如何通过塑造肠道微生物组成和代谢产物来改变猪的生长和屠宰性能的研究仍然有限。因此，本研究旨在探讨DF对微生物组成、功能和代谢产物的影响，最终通过在基础日粮中添加0%、10%、17%和24%蚕豆青贮料来改变杜洛克×八眉杂交猪的宿主生长和屠宰性能。我们发现，随着DF含量的增加，终末体重、平均日增重、脂肪和瘦肉重量显著下降。在添加24%纤维的组中观察到屠宰率和脂肪重量最低的猪。在17%纤维组中形成了具有最高α多样性的肠道微生物群落。高纤维组中纤维降解菌、胆汁酸和琥珀酸产生菌（包括 属、 属、 属和 属）的相对丰度以及包括丁酸代谢和三羧酸（TCA）循环在内的功能途径显著增加。纤维添加组中几种胆汁酸的浓度显著降低，而琥珀酸和长链脂肪酸的浓度增加。我们的结果表明，高纤维日粮可能通过调节 属、 属、 属、 属的组成以及胆汁酸和琥珀酸的代谢途径来改变杜洛克×八眉杂交猪的生长和屠宰性能。
