Khomami Zadeh Ladan, Corso German
Medicine, Saint James School of Medicine, Valley, AIA.
Pediatric Psychiatry, Tropical Texas Behavioral Health, Harlingen, USA.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 30;16(8):e68225. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68225. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), characterized by persistent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions), can significantly impact a child's daily functioning, academic performance, and overall quality of life. As the prevalence of pediatric OCD continues to rise, there is a critical demand for evidence-based treatments that not only alleviate symptoms but also enhance the quality of life for affected children and adolescents. By identifying gaps in knowledge and suggesting directions for future research, this narrative review contributes to the ongoing discourse on pediatric OCD treatments. Ultimately, the synthesis of evidence aims to enhance our understanding and inform best practices in the compassionate and effective management of OCD in children and adolescents. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of current trends and emerging strategies in the treatment of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and highlights the significance of tailoring treatment approaches to individual patient needs, considering factors such as symptom severity and treatment response. Concentrating on interventions supported by empirical evidence, the review delves into cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), pharmacotherapy, the synergistic effects of these modalities, and inventive therapeutic approaches, all while considering the distinctive developmental aspects pertinent to pediatric populations. We conducted this review by searching for titles in the PubMed database from 2013 to present. Our comprehensive literature review focused on advancements in treating pediatric OCD, using keywords like "Obsessive-compulsive disorder," "Pediatric," "treatment," "CBT," "SSRI," "Pharmacotherapy," and "combination therapy." While both pharmacotherapy and CBT show individual efficacy, the combination of these approaches appears to be more effective, especially for medication non-responders with no prior exposure to CBT, despite some mixed findings. These findings contribute significantly to the ongoing discussion on optimizing combined therapy strategies tailored to the complexities of pediatric OCD.
强迫症（OCD）的特征是持续出现的、侵入性的想法（强迫观念）以及重复的行为或心理活动（强迫行为），会对儿童的日常功能、学业表现和整体生活质量产生重大影响。随着儿童强迫症的患病率持续上升，对于基于证据的治疗方法有着迫切需求，这些方法不仅要减轻症状，还要提高受影响儿童和青少年的生活质量。通过识别知识差距并为未来研究提出方向，本叙述性综述有助于推动关于儿童强迫症治疗的持续讨论。最终，证据的综合旨在增进我们的理解，并为儿童和青少年强迫症的关爱性和有效性管理提供最佳实践指导。本研究的目的是全面概述儿童强迫症治疗的当前趋势和新兴策略，并强调根据个体患者需求调整治疗方法的重要性，同时考虑症状严重程度和治疗反应等因素。该综述专注于有实证支持的干预措施，深入探讨认知行为疗法（CBT）、药物治疗、这些方法的协同作用以及创新治疗方法，同时考虑与儿童群体相关的独特发育方面。我们通过在PubMed数据库中搜索2013年至今的标题来进行本综述。我们全面的文献综述聚焦于儿童强迫症治疗的进展，使用了“强迫症”“儿童”“治疗”“CBT”“SSRI”“药物治疗”和“联合治疗”等关键词。虽然药物治疗和CBT都显示出个体疗效，但这些方法的联合似乎更有效，特别是对于之前未接触过CBT的药物无反应者，尽管存在一些混合的研究结果。这些发现对正在进行的关于优化针对儿童强迫症复杂性的联合治疗策略的讨论有重大贡献。
