Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Eur J Nutr. 2024 Dec;63(8):3061-3073. doi: 10.1007/s00394-024-03490-z. Epub 2024 Sep 6.
Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that higher magnesium intake is associated with better cognitive function, particularly in individuals with sufficient vitamin D status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal associations between magnesium intake and cognitive impairment in a community-based cohort study in Taiwan.
The study population included 5663 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 55 years old recruited from 2009 to 2013 and followed up from 2013 to 2020. Magnesium intake was evaluated from a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Cognitive performance was measured at baseline and follow-up for participants' Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and Clock-Drawing Test (CDT), and impairment was defined as MMSE < 24, DSST < 21, and CDT < 3, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the associations and were stratified by sex and plasma vitamin D levels (≥ 50 or < 50 nmol/L).
Higher baseline magnesium intake was associated with lower odds of a poor performance on the MMSE in both men and women (4th vs. 1st. quartile: OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.23-0.82, p < 0.01 in men and OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.29-0.97, p = 0.12 in women) and on the DSST in men (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.09-0.61, p < 0.01) at follow-up. Inverse associations between baseline magnesium intake and a poor performance on the MMSE or DSST were observed in men regardless of vitamin D status.
Our study suggested that higher magnesium intake was associated with the development of cognitive impairment in men in a median follow-up period of 6 years.
先前的横断面研究表明，较高的镁摄入量与更好的认知功能相关，尤其是在维生素 D 状态充足的人群中。本研究旨在评估台湾一项基于社区的队列研究中镁摄入量与认知障碍之间的纵向关联。
研究人群包括 2009 年至 2013 年招募的 5663 名年龄≥55 岁的社区居住成年人，并随访至 2020 年。基线时通过验证的食物频率问卷评估镁摄入量。在基线和随访时测量参与者的简易精神状态检查（MMSE）、数字符号替代测试（DSST）和画钟测试（CDT）的认知表现，分别定义为 MMSE<24、DSST<21 和 CDT<3 为认知障碍。使用多变量逻辑回归模型检查关联，并按性别和血浆维生素 D 水平（≥50 或<50 nmol/L）进行分层。
较高的基线镁摄入量与男性和女性的 MMSE 表现较差（第 4 四分位与第 1 四分位：OR=0.43，95%CI=0.23-0.82，p<0.01 和 OR=0.53，95%CI=0.29-0.97，p=0.12）和男性的 DSST 表现较差（OR=0.23，95%CI=0.09-0.61，p<0.01）相关。无论维生素 D 状态如何，男性的基线镁摄入量与 MMSE 或 DSST 表现较差之间均存在负相关关系。
本研究表明，在中位随访 6 年期间，较高的镁摄入量与男性认知障碍的发展相关。
