Haiouani Kheira, Hegazy Sherif, Alsaeedi Huda, Bechelany Mikhael, Barhoum Ahmed
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Informatics, Djelfa University, Djelfa 17000, Algeria.
Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Sep 2;17(17):4340. doi: 10.3390/ma17174340.
The green synthesis of ZnO NPs is becoming increasingly valued for its cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits. This study successfully synthesized hexagonal ZnO NPs using a combination of clove () and extracts. The use of both extracts significantly improved the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the ZnO NPs. By optimizing synthesis conditions, including ZnCl and extract concentrations, hexagonal wurtzite ZnO NPs were produced at room temperature with only drying at 80 °C without high-temperature annealing. The synthesized ZnO NPs exhibited a hexagonal morphology with an average particle size of 160 nm and a crystallite size of 30 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) confirmed the elemental composition of the ZnO NPs, showing a high carbon content (63.9 wt.%), reflecting the presence of phytochemicals from the extracts coated the ZnO NPs surface. The UV-Vis spectrum revealed an absorption peak at 370 nm and a bandgap energy of 2.8 eV due to lattice defects caused by organic impurities. The ZnO NPs demonstrated exceptional antioxidant activity, with a DPPH radical scavenging rate of 95.2%. They also exhibited strong antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with inhibition zones of 25 mm against , 26 mm against , 24 mm against , 22 mm against , 21 mm against , 20 mm against , and 18 mm against at 200 ppm. Furthermore, significant antifungal activity was observed against , with an inhibition zone of 35 mm at the same concentration. These findings underscore the effectiveness of using combined plant extracts for producing ZnO NPs with controlled morphology and enhanced biological properties, highlighting their potential for various biomedical applications.
氧化锌纳米颗粒的绿色合成因其成本效益和环境效益而越来越受到重视。本研究成功地使用丁香（）提取物和提取物的组合合成了六方氧化锌纳米颗粒。两种提取物的使用显著提高了氧化锌纳米颗粒的抗菌和抗氧化性能。通过优化合成条件，包括氯化锌和提取物浓度，在室温下仅在80°C干燥而无需高温退火的情况下制备了六方纤锌矿氧化锌纳米颗粒。合成的氧化锌纳米颗粒呈现出六方形态，平均粒径为160nm，微晶尺寸为30nm。能量色散X射线光谱（SEM-EDX）证实了氧化锌纳米颗粒的元素组成，显示出高碳含量（63.9 wt.%），这反映了包覆在氧化锌纳米颗粒表面的提取物中的植物化学物质的存在。紫外-可见光谱显示，由于有机杂质引起的晶格缺陷，在370nm处有一个吸收峰，带隙能量为2.8eV。氧化锌纳米颗粒表现出优异的抗氧化活性，DPPH自由基清除率为95.2%。它们还对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌表现出很强的抗菌活性，在200ppm浓度下，对的抑菌圈为25mm，对的抑菌圈为26mm，对的抑菌圈为24mm，对的抑菌圈为22mm，对的抑菌圈为21mm，对的抑菌圈为20mm，对的抑菌圈为18mm。此外，在相同浓度下观察到对具有显著的抗真菌活性，抑菌圈为35mm。这些发现强调了使用联合植物提取物生产具有可控形态和增强生物学特性的氧化锌纳米颗粒的有效性，突出了它们在各种生物医学应用中的潜力。
