Phiri Millica, Imamura Tadatsugu, Sakubita Patrick, Langa Nelia, Mulenga Moses, Mulenga Marian Matipa, Kapapi George, Mwamba Michael, Nalwimba Jane, Tembo Deborah, Keembe Kingsley, Moompizho Karen, Kayeyi Nkomba, Ngosa William, Simwaba Davie, Zulu Paul Msanzya, Kapaya Fred, Hamoonga Raymond, Mazaba Mazyanga Lucy, Sinyange Nyambe, Kapina Muzala, Nagata Chie, Kapata Nathan, Ishiguro Akira, Mukonka Victor
Emergency Operation Center, Zambia National Public Health Institute, Lusaka, Zambia.
Incident Management System, Zambia National Public Health Institute, Lusaka, Zambia.
Pan Afr Med J. 2024 Jun 4;48:42. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2024.48.42.36724. eCollection 2024.
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission dynamics in the communities of low- and middle-income countries, particularly sub-Saharan African countries, are still not fully understood. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of COVID-19 secondary transmission during the first wave of the epidemic (March-October 2020) in Lusaka, Zambia.
we conducted an observational study on COVID-19 secondary transmission among residents in Lusaka City, between March 18 and October 30, 2020. We compared the secondary attack rate (SAR) among different environmental settings of contacts and characteristics of primary cases (e.g, demographics, medical conditions) by logistic regression analysis.
out of 1862 confirmed cases of COVID-19, 272 primary cases generated 422 secondary cases through 216 secondary transmission events. More contacts and secondary transmissions were reported in planned residential areas than in unplanned residential areas. Households were the most common environmental settings of secondary transmission, representing 76.4% (165/216) of secondary transmission events. The SAR in households was higher than the overall events. None of the environmental settings or host factors of primary cases showed a statistically significant relationship with SAR.
of the settings considered, households had the highest incidence of secondary transmission during the first wave in Lusaka, Zambia. The smaller proportion of contacts and secondary transmission in unplanned residential areas might have been due to underreporting of cases, given that those areas are reported to be vulnerable to infectious disease outbreaks. Continuous efforts are warranted to establish measures to suppress COVID-19 transmission in those high-risk environments.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）在低收入和中等收入国家，特别是撒哈拉以南非洲国家社区的传播动态仍未完全了解。本研究旨在确定赞比亚卢萨卡第一波疫情（2020年3月至10月）期间COVID-19二代传播的特征。
我们于2020年3月18日至10月30日对卢萨卡市居民中的COVID-19二代传播进行了一项观察性研究。我们通过逻辑回归分析比较了不同接触环境下的二代发病率（SAR）以及原发病例的特征（如人口统计学、医疗状况）。
在1862例确诊的COVID-19病例中，272例原发病例通过216次二代传播事件产生了422例二代病例。与非规划居民区相比，规划居民区报告的接触者和二代传播更多。家庭是二代传播最常见的环境，占二代传播事件的76.4%（165/216）。家庭中的SAR高于总体事件。原发病例的环境或宿主因素均与SAR无统计学显著关系。
在所考虑的环境中，赞比亚卢萨卡第一波疫情期间家庭中的二代传播发生率最高。非规划居民区接触者和二代传播比例较小可能是由于病例报告不足，因为据报道这些地区易受传染病爆发影响。有必要持续努力制定措施，以抑制这些高风险环境中的COVID-19传播。
