College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing, China.
Cancer Med. 2024 Sep;13(18):e70209. doi: 10.1002/cam4.70209.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the predominant form of head and neck cancer, often diagnosed at late stages, resulting in a poor prognosis. Recent studies indicate a potential association between OSCC and microbial presence. Microorganisms have been identified in various tumors and lesions, including OSCC and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Intralesional microbiota are considered important components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and may contribute to carcinogenesis.
Sources were collected through thorough searches of databases PubMed and Embase. The review focused on microbial characteristics, potential origins, and their impact on cancer progression.
Bacteria display varying abundance and diversity throughout the stages of OSCC and OPMDs. Intraleisional bacteria may have diverse sources, including not only oral plaque and saliva but also potentially the gut. Intralesional bacteria have both pro-carcinogenic and anti-carcinogenic effects, affecting processes like cell proliferation, invasion, and immune response.
Intralesional microbiota are crucial in OSCC and OPMDs, influencing both disease progression and treatments. Despite their significance, challenges like inconsistent sampling and microbial identification remain. Future research is required to fully understand their role and improve clinical applications.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是头颈部癌症的主要形式，通常在晚期诊断，预后不良。最近的研究表明 OSCC 与微生物的存在之间存在潜在的关联。已经在各种肿瘤和病变中发现了微生物，包括 OSCC 和口腔潜在恶性疾病（OPMDs）。瘤内微生物群被认为是肿瘤微环境（TME）的重要组成部分，可能有助于癌症的发生。
通过对 PubMed 和 Embase 数据库的全面搜索收集了资料。综述重点关注微生物的特征、潜在来源及其对癌症进展的影响。
细菌在 OSCC 和 OPMD 的各个阶段表现出不同的丰度和多样性。瘤内细菌可能有多种来源，不仅包括口腔斑块和唾液，还可能包括肠道。瘤内细菌既有致癌作用，也有抗癌作用，影响细胞增殖、侵袭和免疫反应等过程。
瘤内微生物群在 OSCC 和 OPMD 中至关重要，影响疾病的进展和治疗。尽管它们很重要，但仍存在采样和微生物鉴定不一致等挑战。需要进一步研究以充分了解它们的作用并改善临床应用。
