APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, National Ribat University, Nile Street, Khartoum 1111, Sudan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Oct 29;21(21):8061. doi: 10.3390/ijms21218061.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the leading presentations of head and neck cancer (HNC). The first part of this review will describe the highlights of the oral microbiome in health and normal development while demonstrating how both the oral and gut microbiome can map OSCC development, progression, treatment and the potential side effects associated with its management. We then scope the dynamics of the various microorganisms of the oral cavity, including bacteria, mycoplasma, fungi, archaea and viruses, and describe the characteristic roles they may play in OSCC development. We also highlight how the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) may impinge on the host microbiome and increase the burden of oral premalignant lesions and OSCC in patients with HIV. Finally, we summarise current insights into the microbiome-treatment axis pertaining to OSCC, and show how the microbiome is affected by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and also how these therapies are affected by the state of the microbiome, potentially determining the success or failure of some of these treatments.
口腔鳞状细胞癌 (OSCC) 是头颈部癌症 (HNC) 的主要表现之一。本综述的第一部分将描述口腔微生物组在健康和正常发育中的重点，同时展示口腔和肠道微生物组如何能够描绘 OSCC 的发展、进展、治疗以及与其管理相关的潜在副作用。然后，我们将研究口腔内各种微生物（包括细菌、支原体、真菌、古菌和病毒）的动态，并描述它们在 OSCC 发展中可能发挥的特征作用。我们还强调了人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 如何影响宿主微生物组，并增加 HIV 患者口腔癌前病变和 OSCC 的负担。最后，我们总结了当前关于 OSCC 微生物组-治疗轴的见解，并展示了微生物组如何受到放疗、化疗、免疫疗法的影响，以及这些疗法如何受到微生物组状态的影响，这可能决定了这些治疗的成败。
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