Department of Galactophore, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China; Graduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Xueshi Road, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
Graduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Xueshi Road, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Nov;180:117404. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117404. Epub 2024 Sep 21.
As the global incidence of breast cancer continues to surge, the pursuit of novel, low-toxicity, and highly efficacious therapeutic strategies has emerged as a pivotal research focus. Curcumin (CUR), an active constituent of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) renowned for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties, exhibits immense potential in breast cancer therapy. Nevertheless, CUR's poor water solubility, chemical instability, and unfavorable pharmacokinetics have impeded its clinical utilization. To address these challenges, nano-delivery systems have been extensively exploited for CUR administration, enhancing its in vivo stability and bioavailability, and facilitating precise targeting of breast cancer lesions. Therefore, we elaborate on CUR's chemical foundations, drug metabolism, and safety profile, and elucidate its potential mechanisms in breast cancer therapy, encompassing inducing apoptosis and autophagy, blocking cell cycle, inhibiting breast cancer metastasis, regulating tumor microenvironment and reversing chemotherapy resistance. The review primarily emphasizes recent advancements in CUR-based nano-delivery systems for the treatment and diagnosis of breast cancer. Liposomes, nanoparticles (encompassing polymer nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, mesoporous silica particles, metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, graphene nanomaterials, albumin nanoparticles, etc.), nanogels, and nanomicelles can serve as delivery carriers for CUR, exhibiting promising anti-breast cancer effects in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Furthermore, nano-CUR can be integrated with fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography imaging, ultrasound, and other techniques to achieve precise localization and diagnosis of breast cancer masses. While this article has summarized the clinical studies of nano-curcumin, it is noteworthy that the research literature on nano-CUR applied to breast cancer diagnosis and the translation of nano-CUR clinical studies in BC patients remain limited. Therefore, future research should intensify exploration in this direction.
随着全球乳腺癌发病率持续飙升，寻求新颖、低毒、高效的治疗策略已成为研究重点。姜黄素（CUR）是一种具有抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化和抗肿瘤特性的中药（TCM）的活性成分，在乳腺癌治疗中具有巨大的潜力。然而，CUR 的水溶性差、化学稳定性差和药代动力学不理想，阻碍了其临床应用。为了解决这些挑战，纳米递药系统已被广泛用于 CUR 的给药，提高其体内稳定性和生物利用度，并促进对乳腺癌病灶的精确靶向。因此，我们详细阐述了 CUR 的化学基础、药物代谢和安全性概况，并阐明了其在乳腺癌治疗中的潜在机制，包括诱导细胞凋亡和自噬、阻断细胞周期、抑制乳腺癌转移、调节肿瘤微环境和逆转化疗耐药性。本综述主要强调了基于 CUR 的纳米递药系统在治疗和诊断乳腺癌方面的最新进展。脂质体、纳米粒子（包括聚合物纳米粒子、固体脂质纳米粒子、介孔硅粒子、金属/金属氧化物纳米粒子、石墨烯纳米材料、白蛋白纳米粒子等）、纳米凝胶和纳米胶束可以作为 CUR 的递送载体，在体内和体外实验中均表现出有希望的抗乳腺癌作用。此外，纳米 CUR 可以与荧光成像、磁共振成像、计算机断层扫描成像、超声等技术相结合，实现对乳腺癌肿块的精确定位和诊断。虽然本文总结了纳米姜黄素的临床研究，但值得注意的是，纳米 CUR 应用于乳腺癌诊断的研究文献以及纳米 CUR 临床研究在 BC 患者中的转化仍然有限。因此，未来的研究应加强这方面的探索。
