Li Xin-Yue, Zhang Chen-Chen, Cheng Meng, Chen Min, Qian Dan, Tian Ke, Yang Guang
Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang 050200, China Professional Committee on Evaluation and Utilization of Medicinal and Food Homologous Substances, China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing 100700, China.
Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2024 Sep;49(17):4572-4577. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20240216.104.
Gastrodiae Rhizoma is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and was newly approved as a catalogue species of medicinal and food homologous substances in 2023. The consumption of Gastrodiae Rhizoma as a food has been increasing year by year, and its nutrients content has become a public concern. However, there is a lack of systematic research on its nutrients content. Gastrodiae Rhizoma is widely distributed and exhibits various specifications. The quality of Gastrodiae Rhizoma varies among different varieties, origins, and grades. In this paper, 76 batches of samples were selected, involving 2 varieties(G. elata f. elata and G. elata f. qlauca), 6 origins(Anhui, Shaanxi, Hubei, Yunnan, Henan and Northeast China) and 5 grades(special grade, first grade, second grade, third grade, and fourth grade). The content of main nutrients of the above samples was determined and analyzed to explore the differences in the content of different specifications of Gastrodiae Rhizoma. The results show that Gastrodiae Rhizoma is rich in a variety of nutrients, including protein, fat, starch, crude fiber, total saponins, moisture, polysaccharides, mineral elements, amino acids, and volatile oils. The total mass of volatile oils reached about 96.00%. The percentages of starch, moisture and polysaccharides werethe highest, accounting for 64.52%, 10.45%, and 8.32%, respectively. There were also differences in nutrient content among different specifications, especially the polysaccharide content of different varieties. Therefore, the research direction of Gastrodiae Rhizoma medicinal and food homologous products can be inclined to the development of meal replacement staple food or polysaccharide functional food. This study provides a reference for the research of Gastrodiae Rhizoma in the field of medicinal and food homologous products.
天麻是一种名贵的中药材，2023年新被批准为药食同源物质目录品种。天麻作为食品的消费量逐年增加，其营养成分已成为公众关注的焦点。然而，目前对其营养成分缺乏系统的研究。天麻分布广泛，规格多样。不同品种、产地和等级的天麻质量存在差异。本文选取了76批次样品，涉及2个品种（乌天麻和红天麻）、6个产地（安徽、陕西、湖北、云南、河南和东北地区）以及5个等级（特级、一级、二级、三级和四级）。对上述样品的主要营养成分进行了测定和分析，以探究不同规格天麻营养成分含量的差异。结果表明，天麻富含多种营养成分，包括蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉、粗纤维、总皂苷、水分、多糖、矿物质元素、氨基酸和挥发油。挥发油总量约达96.00%。淀粉、水分和多糖的占比最高，分别为64.52%、10.45%和8.32%。不同规格的天麻营养成分含量也存在差异，尤其是不同品种的多糖含量。因此，天麻药食同源产品的研究方向可倾向于开发代餐主食或多糖功能食品。本研究为天麻在药食同源产品领域的研究提供了参考。
