Dengue and Arboviroses - Research and Expertise Unit - Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia - Pasteur Network, Dumbéa-sur-Mer, New Caledonia.
Provincial Office for Health and Social Action of the South Province (Direction Provinciale de l'Action Sanitaire et Sociale en Province Sud), Nouméa, New Caledonia.
PLoS Med. 2024 Sep 26;21(9):e1004397. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004397. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Pacific Islanders are underrepresented in vaccine efficacy trials. Few studies describe their immune response to COVID-19 vaccination. Yet, this characterization is crucial to re-enforce vaccination strategies adapted to Pacific Islanders singularities.
We evaluated the humoral immune response of 585 adults, self-declaring as Melanesians, Europeans, Polynesians, or belonging to other communities, to the Pfizer BNT162b2 vaccine. Anti-spike and anti-nucleoprotein IgG levels, and their capacity to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants and to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) were assessed across communities at 1 and 3 months post-second dose or 1 and 6 months post-third dose. All sera tested contained anti-spike antibodies and 61.3% contained anti-nucleoprotein antibodies, evidencing mostly a hybrid immunity resulting from vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection. At 1-month post-immunization, the 4 ethnic communities exhibited no significant differences in their anti-spike IgG levels (p value = 0.17, in an univariate linear regression model), in their capacity to mediate omicron neutralization (p value = 0.59 and 0.60, in an univariate logistic regression model at 1-month after the second and third dose, respectively) and in their capacity to mediate ADCC (p value = 0.069 in a multivariate linear regression model), regardless of the infection status. Anti-spike IgG levels and functionalities of the hybrid humoral immune response remained equivalent across the 4 ethnic communities during follow-up and at 6 months post-third dose.
Our study evidenced Pacific Islander's robust humoral immune response to Pfizer BNT162b2 vaccine, which is pivotal to re-enforce vaccination deployment in a population at risk for severe COVID-19.
This trial has been register in ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT05135585).
太平洋岛民在疫苗效力试验中的代表性不足。很少有研究描述他们对 COVID-19 疫苗的免疫反应。然而，这种特征对于加强针对太平洋岛民特殊性的疫苗接种策略至关重要。
我们评估了 585 名成年人的体液免疫反应，他们自我认定为美拉尼西亚人、欧洲人、波利尼西亚人或属于其他社区，接种了辉瑞 BNT162b2 疫苗。在第二次接种后 1 个月和第 3 个月或第 1 次和第 6 次接种后 1 个月，评估了针对刺突蛋白和核蛋白的 IgG 水平及其中和 SARS-CoV-2 变体和介导抗体依赖性细胞细胞毒性（ADCC）的能力。所有测试的血清均含有针对刺突蛋白的抗体，61.3%含有针对核蛋白的抗体，这表明主要是由疫苗接种和 SARS-CoV-2 感染引起的混合免疫。在免疫后 1 个月，4 个族裔社区在其刺突蛋白 IgG 水平方面没有显著差异（单变量线性回归模型中 p 值=0.17），在中和 omicron 的能力方面也没有显著差异（第 2 次和第 3 次接种后 1 个月的单变量逻辑回归模型中 p 值分别为 0.59 和 0.60），以及在介导 ADCC 的能力方面也没有显著差异（多变量线性回归模型中 p 值=0.069），无论感染状况如何。在随访期间和第 3 次接种后 6 个月，混合体液免疫反应的刺突蛋白 IgG 水平和功能在 4 个族裔社区中仍然保持一致。
我们的研究表明，太平洋岛民对辉瑞 BNT162b2 疫苗产生了强大的体液免疫反应，这对于在 COVID-19 高危人群中加强疫苗接种部署至关重要。
该试验已在 ClinicalTrials.gov（ID：NCT05135585）注册。
