Chelu Mariana, Calderon Moreno Jose M, Musuc Adina Magdalena, Popa Monica
"Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
Gels. 2024 Aug 23;10(9):547. doi: 10.3390/gels10090547.
Regenerative hydrogels from natural polymers have come forth as auspicious materials for use in regenerative medicine, with interest attributed to their intrinsic biodegradability, biocompatibility, and ability to reassemble the extracellular matrix. This review covers the latest advances in regenerative hydrogels used for wound healing, focusing on their chemical composition, cross-linking mechanisms, and functional properties. Key carbohydrate polymers, including alginate, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and polysaccharide gums, including agarose, carrageenan, and xanthan gum, are discussed in terms of their sources, chemical structures and specific properties suitable for regenerative applications. The review further explores the categorization of hydrogels based on ionic charge, response to physiological stimuli (i.e., pH, temperature) and particularized roles in wound tissue self-healing. Various methods of cross-linking used to enhance the mechanical and biological performance of these hydrogels are also examined. By highlighting recent innovations and ongoing challenges, this article intends to give a detailed understanding of natural hydrogels and their potential to revolutionize regenerative medicine and improve patient healing outcomes.
来自天然聚合物的再生水凝胶已成为再生医学中颇具前景的材料，其吸引力源于其固有的生物可降解性、生物相容性以及重组细胞外基质的能力。本综述涵盖了用于伤口愈合的再生水凝胶的最新进展，重点关注其化学成分、交联机制和功能特性。讨论了关键的碳水化合物聚合物，包括藻酸盐、壳聚糖、透明质酸，以及多糖胶，如琼脂糖、卡拉胶和黄原胶，涉及它们的来源、化学结构和适合再生应用的特定特性。该综述进一步探讨了基于离子电荷、对生理刺激（即pH值、温度）的响应以及在伤口组织自我愈合中的特定作用对水凝胶进行的分类。还研究了用于增强这些水凝胶的机械和生物学性能的各种交联方法。通过突出近期的创新和持续存在的挑战，本文旨在详细阐述天然水凝胶及其在革新再生医学和改善患者愈合结果方面的潜力。
