Mondéjar-López María, García-Simarro Maria Paz, Navarro-Simarro Pablo, Gómez-Gómez Lourdes, Ahrazem Oussama, Niza Enrique
Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Naplatec S.L, Calle Mayor 36, 02001 Albacete, Spain.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Sep 25;280(Pt 3):136030. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136030.
Crop management techniques and sustainable agriculture offer a comprehensive farming method that incorporates social, economic, and ecological factors. Sustainable agriculture places a high priority on soil health, water efficiency, and biodiversity conservation in order to develop resilient and regenerative food systems that can feed both the current and future generations. Our goal in this review is to give a thorough overview of current developments in the use of polysaccharides as raw materials for the encapsulation of natural chemicals in nanoparticles as novel crop protection products. The search for recent research articles and latest reviews has been carried out through pubmed, google scholar, BASE as search engines. Offer cutting-edge solutions for sustainable crop management that satisfy the demands of an expanding population, comply with changing legal frameworks, and address environmental issues by encasing natural compounds inside polysaccharide-based nanoparticles. A variety of natural substances, such as essential oils, plant extracts, antimicrobials compounds and miRNA, can be included in these nanoparticles. These materials have many advantages, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and controlled release of active compounds. Thanks to their action mechanism, they are able to mediate hormone signaling and gene expression in different plant physiological aspects, as well as enhance their tolerance to abiotic stress conditions. Sustainable agriculture can be supported by this type of treatments, correctly developing food safety through the production of non-toxic nanoparticles, low-cost industrial scale-up and the use of biodegradable materials. Polysaccharide-based nanoparticles have a wide range of uses in agriculture: they improve crop yields, encourage "eco-friendly" farming methods and can decrease the concentrations of active ingredient used, providing an accurate and affective dosage without damaging further species, as well as avoiding treatment resistance risks. These nanoparticles can also reduce the negative effects of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, contributing to the environmentally friendly agricultural development. Furthermore, the application of polysaccharide-based nanoparticles is consistent with the expanding trend of green and sustainable agriculture.
作物管理技术与可持续农业提供了一种综合的耕作方法，该方法融合了社会、经济和生态因素。可持续农业高度重视土壤健康、水资源利用效率和生物多样性保护，以发展具有韧性和再生能力的粮食系统，从而满足当代和后代的粮食需求。本综述的目的是全面概述多糖作为天然化学品纳米颗粒包封原料用于新型作物保护产品的当前发展情况。通过使用PubMed、谷歌学术搜索和BASE等搜索引擎来查找近期的研究文章和最新综述。通过将天然化合物包裹在基于多糖的纳米颗粒中，为可持续作物管理提供前沿解决方案，以满足不断增长的人口需求，符合不断变化的法律框架，并解决环境问题。这些纳米颗粒可以包含多种天然物质，如精油、植物提取物、抗菌化合物和微小RNA。这些材料具有许多优点，如生物相容性、生物可降解性以及活性化合物的控释性。由于其作用机制，它们能够在不同的植物生理方面介导激素信号传导和基因表达，并提高植物对非生物胁迫条件的耐受性。这种类型的处理可以支持可持续农业，通过生产无毒纳米颗粒、低成本的工业规模扩大以及使用可生物降解材料来正确发展食品安全。基于多糖的纳米颗粒在农业中有广泛的用途：它们可以提高作物产量，鼓励“生态友好型”耕作方法，并可以降低活性成分的使用浓度，在不损害其他物种的情况下提供准确有效的剂量，同时避免产生抗药性风险。这些纳米颗粒还可以减少化肥和农药的负面影响，促进环境友好型农业发展。此外，基于多糖的纳米颗粒的应用与绿色和可持续农业的发展趋势相一致。
