Zhu Shengcang, Lin Siyue, Han Rongcheng
State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Research and Development Department, Allife Medicine Inc., Beijing 100176, China.
Pharmaceutics. 2024 Aug 28;16(9):1135. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091135.
Radiodynamic therapy (RDT), as an emerging cancer treatment method, has attracted attention due to its remarkable therapeutic efficacy using low-dose, high-energy radiation (such as X-rays) and has shown significant potential in cancer treatment. The RDT system typically consists of scintillators and photosensitizers (PSs). Scintillators absorb X-rays and convert them to visible light, activating nearby PSs to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Challenges faced by the two-component strategy, including low loading capacity and inefficient energy transfer, hinder its final effectiveness. In addition, the tumor microenvironment (TME) with hypoxia and immunosuppression limits the efficacy of RDTs. Recent advances introduce one-component RDT systems based on nanomaterials with high-Z metal elements, which effectively inhibit deep-seated tumors. These novel RDT systems exhibit immune enhancement and immune memory, potentially eliminating both primary and metastatic tumors. This review comprehensively analyzes recent advances in the rational construction of RDTs, exploring their mechanisms and application in the treatment of deep-seated tumors. Aimed at providing a practical resource for oncology researchers and practitioners, the review offers new perspectives for potential future directions in RDT research.
放射动力疗法（RDT）作为一种新兴的癌症治疗方法，因其使用低剂量、高能量辐射（如X射线）具有显著的治疗效果而备受关注，并在癌症治疗中显示出巨大潜力。RDT系统通常由闪烁体和光敏剂（PSs）组成。闪烁体吸收X射线并将其转化为可见光，激活附近的PSs以产生活性细胞毒性氧物种（ROS）。双组分策略面临的挑战，包括低负载能力和低效的能量转移，阻碍了其最终效果。此外，具有缺氧和免疫抑制作用的肿瘤微环境（TME）限制了RDT的疗效。最近的进展引入了基于具有高Z金属元素的纳米材料的单组分RDT系统，可有效抑制深部肿瘤。这些新型RDT系统具有免疫增强和免疫记忆功能，有可能消除原发性和转移性肿瘤。本综述全面分析了RDT合理构建的最新进展，探讨了其作用机制及其在深部肿瘤治疗中的应用。旨在为肿瘤学研究人员和从业者提供实用资源，本综述为RDT研究潜在的未来方向提供了新的视角。
