Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646099, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
Mol Cancer. 2024 Sep 30;23(1):214. doi: 10.1186/s12943-024-02131-7.
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including circular RNAs (circRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are unique RNA molecules widely identified in the eukaryotic genome. Their dysregulation has been discovered and played key roles in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including various cancers. Previously considered devoid of protein-coding ability, recent research has revealed that a small number of open reading frames (ORFs) within these ncRNAs endow them with the potential for protein coding. These ncRNAs-derived peptides or proteins have been proven to regulate various physiological and pathological processes through diverse mechanisms. Their emerging roles in disease diagnosis and targeted therapy underscore their potential utility in clinical settings. This comprehensive review aims to provide a systematic overview of proteins or peptides encoded by lncRNAs and circRNAs, elucidate their production and functional mechanisms, and explore their promising applications in cancer diagnosis, disease prediction, and targeted therapy.
非编码 RNA（ncRNAs），包括环状 RNA（circRNAs）和长非编码 RNA（lncRNAs），是真核生物基因组中广泛存在的独特 RNA 分子。它们的失调已被发现并在许多疾病的发病机制中发挥关键作用，包括各种癌症。以前被认为没有蛋白质编码能力，最近的研究表明，这些 ncRNAs 中的少数开放阅读框（ORFs）赋予了它们潜在的蛋白质编码能力。这些 ncRNA 衍生的肽或蛋白质已被证明通过多种机制调节各种生理和病理过程。它们在疾病诊断和靶向治疗中的新兴作用突显了它们在临床环境中的潜在应用价值。本综述旨在系统概述 lncRNA 和 circRNA 编码的蛋白质或肽，阐明它们的产生和功能机制，并探讨它们在癌症诊断、疾病预测和靶向治疗中的有前途的应用。
